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Huang He Valley Ancient Civilizations in China Geographic Features • Huang He Geographic Features • Huang He • Himalaya Mountains Geographic Features • Huang He • Himalaya Mountains • Gobi Desert Geographic Features • • • • Huang He Himalaya Mountains Gobi Desert Pacific Ocean Environmental Challenges • Huang He floods & leaves loess Environmental Challenges • Huang He floods & leaves loess – Unpredictable flooding Environmental Challenges • Huang He floods & leaves loess – Unpredictable flooding • 2/3 of China is mountains Environmental Challenges • Natural barriers isolated China Mesopotamia Egypt Indus Valley Pacific Ocean Shang China at its height Zhou China at its height Settlements • The Shang Dynasty 1600-1027BCE • Zhou Dynasty 1027-221BCE Settlements • Wealthy houses mostly of wood • Cities had large walls – Zhengzhou = Capital of Shang China Social Classes • Wealthy and nobles lived inside the cities – Owned the land Social Classes • Wealthy and nobles lived inside the cities – Owned the land • Peasants lived outside cities – Worked on the land Role of the Family • Family was center of society Role of the Family • Family was center of society • Oldest men controlled family Role of the Family • Family was center of society • Oldest men controlled family • Women expected to obey Role of the Family • Family was center of society • Oldest men controlled family • Women expected to obey --Girls married young Religious Beliefs • Asked spirits of ancestors for good fortune Religious Beliefs • Asked spirits of ancestors for good fortune • Oracle bones= animal bones priests used to ask gods questions Writing System • Many different dialects, so written language unified China Technological Advances • Chariots Technological Advances • Chariots • Bronze workers Technological Advances • Chariots • Bronze workers • Silk production Technological Advances • • • • • Chariots Bronze workers Silk production Coined money Use of iron tools Artistry • Silk embroidery • Bronze bells • Jade jewelry • Jade burial suits during the Zhou Dynasty
