Download 16 han dynasty 2015 upload - Townsend Harris High School

Aim: why is the
country of China
shaped the way it is?
What?
• Zhou Dynasty: 1066 BCE – 221 BCE
• Qin Dynasty:
• Han Dynasty: 206 BCE – 220 CE
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Three Kingdoms:
Shui Dynasty:
Tang Dynasty:
Song Dynasty:
Yuan Dynasty: (Mongol): 1279 - 1368
Ming Dynasty:
Qing / Ching (Manchu) Dynasty: 1644 – 1911
Nationalist (Kuomintang) rule and civil war
PRC: 1949 - Present
Where?
Why?
Questions
• 1. Describe the Han Dynasty’s social
structure including the rights of women.
• 2. Describe the Han Dynasty’s political
structure / organization?
• 3. Why is China shaped the way it is?
When?
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Lasted from 202 B.C.E. to 220 A.D.
Divided into two dynasties
Western Han also called the Former Han
lasted from 202 B.C.E. to 8 C.E.
Eastern Han or the Later Han lasted from 25
A.D. to 220 C.E.
Considered one dynasty because the second
dynasty was founded by a relative of the of
the first.
Between 8 C.E. and 25 C.E. China was in
chaos and disorder during the so called Xin
Dynasty period.
Western vs. Eastern Han Dynasty
Belief Systems
• Confucianism: major belief
system; laws based on
Confucianism and Legalism
• Taoism: many groups and
organizations formed
• Buddhism: introduced during
Han Dynasty; many temples
were built
Not in
notes
Politics / Government
• Western Han Dynasty: 206BCE – 8CE
• Royal Dynasty, royal dictatorship, with
frequent rebellions including the brief Xin
Dynasty (8 CE – 23CE).
• Eastern Han Dynasty established by
relatives of the Western Han Dynasty
reestablish the Han Dynasty in 23CE.
• The Yellow Turbans (a Taoist society)
finally staged a successful revolt and
brought about an end to the Han Dynasty
in 220CE.
Government Bureaucracy
• Established a government meritocracy, based
on Confucian ideals, in which
• Officials were selected through government
examinations.
• Point was to select individuals based on their
abilities, and not family lineage or political
connections.
• Everyone had an equal chance.
• The examinations were based on the Confucian
Classics.
• This set a precedent for later Dynasties to follow.
(Most Famous) Emperor (s)
• Han Wudi (Liu Che): 141BCE –
87BCE
• He fought and won many wars with the Xiong
Nu, and drove them back to Mongolia.
• Established the Silk Road.
• He expanded the land area of Han by
conquering land to the North and as far South as
Vietnam.
• He reduced the power of the nobles by taking
away their land, and have them divide their land
into equal parts, and give each son a equal part.
Why?
The Silk Road and the Grand Canal
Red = Silk Road
Blue = Grand Canal
Yellow = Great Wall
Silk Road and the Grand Canal
???
The Chinese Heartland … think
early river valley civilization.
Take note of the shape of the Han Dynasty.
Questions
• 3. Why is China shaped the way it is?
• 4. Who did the Chinese trade with?
• 5. Then why was the Grand Canal built?
The Great Wall of China
• Although started by the Zhou it was greatly expanded by the
Han and later Dynasties. Qin Dynasty ???
• Why was it built? / Who was it built to keep out?
Notice that
shape again?
Aim: to what extent
did the Han Empire
have an impact on the
world?
Inventions
Seismograph
The wheelbarrow
Glazed pottery
Fin
Legalism
•Generally considered to be an offshoot of Confucianism.
• Legalists believed that humans were basically
evil and selfish. The best form of government,
that is, the government that best contributed to
the welfare of the people, would be one that
strictly held humankind's base instincts in check.
This government would be ruled by strict and
harsh laws; punishment would be severe and
swift. This belief in rule by law is why this school
is called "Legalist."
- Richard Hooker, Washington State University