Download Introduction to Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology for Health Professions
Ann Ehrlich/Carol L.Schroeder
7th Edition
The Respiratory System
Chapter 7
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Overview of Structures, Combining Forms,
and Functions of the Respiratory Systems
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Structures of the Respiratory System
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Structures of the Upper Respiratory Tract
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Nose
• Primary Function
– Exchanges air during inhaling and exhaling
– Warms, moisturizes, and filters inhaled air
• Related Word Parts (Combining Forms)
– nas/o
– rhino/o
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Sinuses
• Primary Function
– Provide mucus
– Make bones of the skull lighter
– Aid in sound production
• Related Word Parts (Combining Forms)
– sinus/o
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Pharynx
• Primary Function
– Transports air to and from the nose to the trachea
• Related Word Parts (Combining Forms)
– pharyng/o
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Larynx
• Primary Function
– Makes speech possible
• Related Word Parts (Combining Forms)
– laryng/o
(continues)
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Larynx
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Epiglottis
• Primary Function
– Closes off the trachea during swallowing
• Related Word Parts (Combining Forms)
– epiglott/o
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Trachea
• Primary Function
– Transports air to and from the pharynx to
the bronchi
• Related Word Parts (Combining Forms)
– trache/o
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Bronchi
• Primary Function
– Transports air from the trachea into the lungs
• Related Word Parts (Combining Forms)
– bronch/o, bronchi/o
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Alveoli
• Primary Function
– Air sacs that exchange gases with the pulmonary
capillary blood
• Related Word Parts (Combining Forms)
– alveol/o
(continues)
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Alveoli
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Lungs
• Primary Function
– Bring oxygen into the body
– Remove carbon dioxide and some water waste
from the body
• Related Word Parts (Combining Forms)
– pneum/o, pneumon/o, pulmon/o
(continues)
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Lungs
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Respiration
• Inhalation: the act of taking in air as the
diaphragm contracts and pulls downward
• Exhalation: the act of breathing out
(continues)
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Respiration
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Key Word Parts and Definitions
• bronch/o, bronchi/o
– bronchial tube, bronchus
• laryng/o
– larynx, throat
• nas/o
– nose
• ox/i, ox/o, ox/y
– oxygen
(continues)
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Key Word Parts and Definitions
• pharyng/o
– throat, pharynx
• phon/o
– sound, voice
• pleur/o
– pleura, side of the body
• -pnea
– breathing
(continues)
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Key Word Parts and Definitions
•
pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneu– lung, air
•
pulm/o, pulmon/o
– lung
•
sinus/o
– sinus
•
somn/o
– sleep
(continues)
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Key Word Parts and Definitions
• spir/o
– to breathe
• thorac/o, -thorax
– chest, pleural cavity
• trache/o, trachea
– windpipe
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Questions
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Question
The surface area of a human lung is equal to:
a. a tennis court
b. a football field
c. a Ping-Pong table
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Answer
a. tennis court
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Question
A cough releases an explosive charge of air that
moves at speeds up to 60 mph. A sneeze can
exceed the speed of 100 mph.
True or False?
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Answer
True
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Question
How many times a day does the average human
adult take a breath?
a. 10,000–17,500
b. 25,000–35,000
c. 17,500–25,000
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Answer
c. 17,500–25,000
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Question
The right lung is smaller than the left lung.
True or False
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Answer
False: The left lung is smaller than the right lung
to make room for the heart.
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