Download Phylum Porifera

Phylum Porifera
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Table of Contents
General description
Sponge canal system
Unique characteristics
Systems (integument, skeletal, muscle, digestive)
Systems (respiratory, circulatory, nervous)
Systems (endocrine and reproductive)
Taxonomy
Calcispongiae
Hyalospongiae
Demospongiae
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Phylum Porifera (por-if-er-a)
Grouped as Parazoans - multicellular
animals with no well-defined tissue.
They are sessile, and asymmetrical
(sometimes with radial symmetry). Body
organized around a system of water canals
and chambers
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Sponge Canal Systems
The body plans or structures are based on
complexity of water-canal and skeletal
system
Asconoid
Choanocytes line the spongocoel
Syconoid
Choanocytes are in radial canals off spongocoel
Leuconoid
Choanocytes are in chambers off of the radial
canals.
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Some unique characteristics
Spicules
Choanocytes (collar cells)
No true tissue
Pores
Body plans (asconoid, syconoid,
leuconoid)
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Porifera Systems
Integumentary
Pinacocytes - thin flat layer of T-shaped cells
Skeletal
Spicules and spongin (forms of collagen)
Muscle
Movement cellular by flagella and pseudopodia
Digestive
Intracellular; use choanocytes to trap food.
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Porifera Systems
Excretory
Marine are isotonic, freshwater forms
use contractile vacuoles.
Respiratory
diffusion by individual cells
Circulatory
Choanocytes create current, ameboid cells
transport food
Nervous
Cell irritability shown by individual
cells
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Porifera Systems
Endocrine
endocrine like chemical present within individual
cells
Reproductive
External fertilization, or sperm brought in
choanocytes and fertilization occurs in chambers.
Asexual: regenerate whole sponge from a few
spicules, choanocytes and amoeboid cells.
Gemmules in freshwater sponge (a few marine
ones)
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Spongin
Gemmule
Arrow pointing to spicule
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Spicules
Contents
Porifera Taxonomy
Class: Calcispongiae (cal-si-spon-ge-a)
Scypha (Grantia or Sycon)
Leucosolenia
Class: Hyalospongiae (hi-a-lo-spon-ge-a)
Euplectella
Class: Demospongiae (dem-o-spon-ge-a)
Euspongia (Spongia)
Spongilla
Class: Sclerospongiae (skler-o--spon-ge-a)
No specimens
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Taxonomy
Contents
Class Calcispongiae
Spicules of calcium carbonate (all three canal systems present in class)
Leucosolenia (stained)
Grantia (Scypha)
Spicules
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Class Hyalospongiae
Six-rayed silicon spicules
Euplectella
(Venus’ flower basket)
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
Contents
Class Demospongiae
Presence of spongin, or silicon spicules (that are not six-rayed) or both
Euspongia
(Spongia)
Spongilla
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000
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Contents
End of Phylum Porifera
Jenna Hellack Fall 2000