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Gli Anticorpi
Monoclonali
Anticorpi Monoclonali: sono anticorpi prodotti da un
clone linfocitario B (progenie di un unico linfocita B) e
quindi tutti identici tra loro e specifici per un unico
determinante antigenico
Tecnica per la produzione di
Anticorpi Monoclonali
1975 G. Khöler e C. Milstein
1984
Entrambi
Premio Nobel per la Medicina
Georges J.F. Köhler
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1984
FROM THE STRUCTURE OF
ANTIBODIES
TO THE DIVERSIFICATION
OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Nobel lecture, 8 December, 1984
by
CÉSAR MILSTEIN
Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular
Biology, Hills Road,
Cambridge, U.K.
Linfocita B  produce Ab specifici per un certo Ag
1. QUALE ?
2. linf. B MUORE !
1. Introd. un Ag. noto in un topo  Tra gli Ab prodotti dal topo
ci saranno anche quelli
contro l’Ag. noto
2.
Rendere il linf. B “immortale”  Mieloma murino
Mieloma = tumore maligno localizzato nel midollo osseo
(Abbas, Piccin)
(Janeway, Piccin)
(Roitt, Zanichelli)
Monoclonal Antibodies
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 17.11
Monoclonal Antibodies
• Hybridomas are produced by fusing a cancer cell with
an Ab-secreting plasma cells
• The hybridoma cell culture is immortal and produces
monoclonal Abs (Mabs)
• Immunotoxins: Mabs conjugated with a toxin to target
cancer cells
• Chimeric Mabs: Genetically modified mice that produce
Ab with a human constant region
• Humanized Mabs: Mabs that are mostly human, except
for mouse antigen-binding
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings