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Gli Anticorpi Monoclonali Anticorpi Monoclonali: sono anticorpi prodotti da un clone linfocitario B (progenie di un unico linfocita B) e quindi tutti identici tra loro e specifici per un unico determinante antigenico Tecnica per la produzione di Anticorpi Monoclonali 1975 G. Khöler e C. Milstein 1984 Entrambi Premio Nobel per la Medicina Georges J.F. Köhler The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 FROM THE STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODIES TO THE DIVERSIFICATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE Nobel lecture, 8 December, 1984 by CÉSAR MILSTEIN Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge, U.K. Linfocita B produce Ab specifici per un certo Ag 1. QUALE ? 2. linf. B MUORE ! 1. Introd. un Ag. noto in un topo Tra gli Ab prodotti dal topo ci saranno anche quelli contro l’Ag. noto 2. Rendere il linf. B “immortale” Mieloma murino Mieloma = tumore maligno localizzato nel midollo osseo (Abbas, Piccin) (Janeway, Piccin) (Roitt, Zanichelli) Monoclonal Antibodies Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 17.11 Monoclonal Antibodies • Hybridomas are produced by fusing a cancer cell with an Ab-secreting plasma cells • The hybridoma cell culture is immortal and produces monoclonal Abs (Mabs) • Immunotoxins: Mabs conjugated with a toxin to target cancer cells • Chimeric Mabs: Genetically modified mice that produce Ab with a human constant region • Humanized Mabs: Mabs that are mostly human, except for mouse antigen-binding Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings