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The Civil War
Terms to Know
Secede- to withdraw from the Union
Union- Northern States against Slavery
and want to protect the U.S. as they know
it
Confederacy- Southern States in favor of
slavery and separating from the Union
Robert E. Lee- Southern General
Ulysses S. Grant- Northern General
NORTHERN ADVANTAGES
U.S population was 22 million
– Only 9 million in South
And 1/3 of them were
slaves
4:1 military numerical
advantage
Huge advantage in industrial
capacity
– Built 453 of 470
locomotives in U.S
– Manufactured 97% of all
firearms
– State of New York
produced twice many
manufactured products as
the entire South
SOUTHERN ADVANTAGES I
Easier military job to do
– To obtain their objective, all
the South had to do was
turn back invading forces
from the North
– The North, on the other
hand, had to attack and
subdue a region as large as
Western Europe
SOUTHERN ADVANTAGES II
Union army only numbered 16,000
men with limited serious combat
experience in 1860
Best young officers were from the
South and sided with the
Confederacy
– Robert E. Lee, Joseph Johnson,
P.T Beauregard
Best and brightest young men in
the North attracted to business; in
the South they were attracted to
P.T.
the army
Beauregard
To mobilize the people of the North
into a disciplined, well-equipped
and well-led fighting machine
would be an immense and difficult
job
Robert
E. Lee
SOUTHERN ADVANTAGES III
Confederate leaders knew that
all the cotton used in northern
textile mills and 80% used in
Europe came from the South
– Could devastate northern
industry by holding crop
off market
– Could create such
economic havoc in Europe
that European powers
would be forced to
recognize an independent
Confederacy and sell it
manufactured products it
needed
– If north established a naval
blockade, England and
France would run it and
maybe join the South in the
war
First Shots of the Civil
First Battle of the Civil War as at Fort
Sumter
Confederate forces attack the Union fort
that stored weapons and ammunition
– The battle lasted for 34 hours
– There were no causalities
Many historians believe that the first battle
of the Civil War was “Bleeding Kansas” 5
years prior to the Civil War 1855.
Lincoln Calls Out the Militia
Following the surrender of Fort Sumter
President Lincoln called out 75,000
militiamen for 90 days to put down the
uprising.
The South responded with anger
– As a result
Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas
joined the Confederacy