Download Pre-Civil War and Mental Map

Facing a
National Problem
F.O.A. (Bellwork)
What message do you get from this photo?
F.O.A. (Bellwork)
Today
Finish Reader’s Theater
Assignments
Notes
Today
Educationportal.com video on Missouri
Compromise
What’s happening here?
Reader’s Theater
Read the play
While you do that, I’ll assign parts.
Assignment
Should the slaves be convicted or set
free? Defend your answer with a oneparagraph answer.
Questions
What’s a free state?
What’s a slave state?
New Compromises
Henry Clay
– Worked hard to settle differences dividing the
nation.
– Congressman from Kentucky
– Free state: didn’t want slavery.
– Slave state: wanted slavery
– Everything was EVEN until Missouri became
a state.
The Missouri Compromise
Asked to join the U.S. as a slave state
This would make more slave states than
free.
Missouri would join as a slave state AND
Maine would join as a free state.
Imaginary line would be drawn through the
rest of the Louisiana territory
Solutions to the Problem
North of the line = Free States
South of the line = Slave states
Results of the Missouri
Compromise of 1820
Kept the peace for nearly 30 years
Six new states joined the Union – 3 slave
and 3 free….still equal in number
AND THEN along came…California
The Compromise of 1850
Henry Clay to the rescue AGAIN
California = Free
New Mexico and Utah territories= people
would decide
Assignment
Make a key and color all known states and
territories like you see on page 304 for a
map.
Draw boundaries for the known states and
territories, as well as the unknown
territories. Label the states.
If you finish, draw an editorial cartoon on
the Missouri Compromise.
Fugitive Slave Law
A new law that said:
– Anyone caught helping slaves escape would
be punished.
– If you found a runaway slave, you had to
return them to their owner.
Hopes for Peace Fade
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
Gave people living there the choice by
voting
Hundreds moved in to “vote” on whether to
be a free or slave state.
Tempers FLARED and over 200 people
were killed in the dispute
Nicknamed “ Bleeding Kansas”
F.O.A. (Bellwork)
What is this saying?
EQs
What role did slavery play in the United
States? (8.5 spi 8)
What were some of the consequences of
expansion? (8.5 spi 13)
What were some of the causes of the civil
war? (8.5 spi 4)
Today
Video on Dred Scott
Notes
Assignment
Dred Scott Case
Supreme Court ruled that once a slave,
living in a free state, didn’t change that.
Said Scott had “none of the rights and
privileges” of American citizens
Also said Congress had no right to outlaw
slavery because the Constitution protects
people’s right to own PROPERTY and
slaves were PROPERTY!!!
Abraham Lincoln works for Change
Violence because of the Kansas-Nebraska act
got everyone’s attention
Abraham Lincoln was against the SPREAD of
slavery
Republican Party formed to fight the spread of
slavery.
Lincoln ran for Senator
Stephen A. Douglas, author of the KansasNebraska Act, was his OPPONENT! The battle
is ON………
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates
Abraham Lincoln
Tall, thin man from
the frontier
Wore plain dark
clothes
Not well known
Stephen Douglas
Heavy and a foot
shorter than Lincoln
Well educated
Wore fine clothes
Senator
Well known
Both were powerful public speakers
Douglas
Each new state should decide the slavery
question for itself.
Lincoln
“The framers of the Constitution intended
slavery to end.”
The problem is that slavery is WRONG!
Senate Winner
Stephen Douglas was re-elected to the
Senate.
But….now everyone knew who Abraham
Lincoln was!!!
Douglas Wins!
Assignment
Make a key and color all known states and
territories like you see on page 304 for a
map.
Draw boundaries for the known states and
territories, as well as the unknown
territories. Label the states.
If you finish, draw an editorial cartoon on
the Missouri Compromise
Lesson 4
A Time for Hard
DECISIONS
F.O.A. (Bellwork)
Essential Questions
What were some of the consequences of
expansion? (8.5 spi 13)
What were some of the causes of the Civil
War? (8.5 spi 4)
Today
Crash course video over 1860
Notes over pre-Civil War
Mental map
Announcement
Benchmark will be on Friday.
It’ll cover the pre-Civil War stuff.
Study pages 448-497.
Focus on John Brown, Election of 1860,
Compromise of 1850
What is this?
The Election of 1860
Democratic Party candidate: Douglas
Democratic Party south: Breckinridge
Republican Party:
LINCOLN
Stephen A. Douglas
West should decide for themselves about
slavery.
John Breckinridge
Democratic candidate popular with
Southerners
Government should allow slavery
everywhere in the West.
Abraham Lincoln
Republican candidate
Against the SPREAD of slavery
Promised not to stop slavery in the South
where it was already practiced.
Said he hoped it would one day END
there, too.
Worried White Southerners
Many in the South were afraid if Lincoln
were elected, slavery would be outlawed.
Some even said they would LEAVE the
Union if Lincoln was elected.
Lincoln Elected President
November 6, 1860
December 20, 1860 South Carolina’s leaders
seceded from the Union.
Later SIX other southern states seceded:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Mississippi
Florida
Alabama
Georgia
Louisiana
Texas
John Brown’s Rebellion
John Brown’s rebellion at Harper’s Ferry
– A white abolitionist
– Stole guns from Harper’s Ferry warehouse to give to
slaves
– Caught, tried, and hanged
– Southern states thought they were no longer safe from
the abolitionist North
The Confederate States of America
South Carolina
Mississippi
Florida
Louisiana
Alabama
Georgia
Texas
F.O.A. (Bellwork)
Who was Frederick Douglass?
What was John Brown’s Rebellion?
What was the Compromise of 1850?
What was the result of the election of
1860?
Did the North’s reaction to John Brown’s
raid anger and shock Southern slaves?
Did Northerners support John Brown?
Did Stephen Douglas take a stand against
slavery?
Essential Questions
What role did slavery play in the United
States? (8.5 spi 8)
What is Civil War? 8.5
Today
BrainPop over causes of Civil War
Mental maps
Benchmark
Go over benchmark answers
Mental map
Mental map – pick one
Dred Scott
John Brown
Compromise of 1850
Election of 1860
Use pages 479, 486-495.
Mental map
Step one – topic in the middle
Step two – Subdivisions or subheading for
the topic. Make each one just one or two
words. You need at least three
subheadings for your topic.
Step three – Links to the subheads. You
need at least three links to the subhead.
Mental map
Draw a picture for your title first
Draw one picture for your subhead.
Draw a picture for each link to the
subhead.
Fort Sumter
Some advised Lincoln to “Let the states
go”
Others said, “Give in on the slavery
question.”
Still others said, “Use the ARMY to end
their revolt!”
Lincoln’s Choices
He wanted to prevent war.
“We are not enemies, but friends.”
THE VERY NEXT DAY
An important message came from
Major Robert Anderson
commander at Fort Sumter:
Urgent!
Message from Commander Anderson
Supplies at the Fort
are almost gone. If
new supplies are not
sent soon, we will be
forced to surrender
the fort to the
Confederacy.
What to Do???
If I send supplies…Southerners might
attack.
If I send troops….Southerners WILL
attack.
If I do nothing…the commander will have
to surrender.
Decision
Lincoln decided to send supply ships
And see what the Southerners would do
Confederate President Davis
Davis decided to take over the fort
BEFORE the supply ships arrived.
Demanded them to surrender.
NEVER!
The Confederate troops FIRED on the fort,
Major Anderson and his men ran out of
ammunition and had to give up.
The Civil War has Begun!
Lincoln called for Americans to join the
army to stop the rebellion.
Frightened southern states not in the
Confederacy now joined with the other 7
states.
Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North
Carolina
11 States Strong
North vs. South
Comparing Sides
NORTH
SOUTH
-Larger population (22,000,000)
-Better generals
-More railroads, canals, and roads
-Most of the fighting happened in the
South
-Superior industry
-Great navy
-Financial stability & banking
North’s Strategy
Blockade southern ports & gain control of the MS
River; divide the South in half
South’s Strategy
“Cotton Diplomacy”
– Get Great Britain to help because it needed cotton;
didn’t work
Course of the War
Battle of Bull Run/Manassas
– Confederate Generals “Stonewall” Jackson & Robert
E. Lee; Union General George McClellan
Antietam (Sep. 17, 1862)
After Bull Run, Lee thought it was time to invade
the North
– Met Union forces at Antietam Creek in MD
– Bloodiest single day in American history
“BROTHER VS. BROTHER”
After winning at Antietam, the North goes on the
attack in TN
– Northern General Ulysses S. Grant
– Battle of Shiloh
A Tennessean
David Farragut
– Admiral in the Union Navy; defeated the Confederates
at New Orleans and Vicksburg, MS
Lincoln Has Something To Say
Emancipation Proclamation
– September 22, 1862
– Freed all the slaves forever; many African-Americans
begin enlisting to fight for the Union
The Beginning of the End
Battle of Gettysburg
– Confederacy sustains heavy casualties
– Lee retreats; Union General Meade does not follow
him; upsets Lincoln
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Union General William Tecumseh Sherman led
his force of 100,000 from TN to Savannah, GA
– “Total War” – destroying EVERYTHING!
Surrender
April 9, 1865 – General Lee surrenders to General
Grant at Appomattox Courthouse
Effects of the War
Slavery is over
Over 620,000 Americans are dead
Martial law is declared in some areas
The once powerful Southern economy is in
absolute ruins