Download The Study of Human Development

Social Psychology
I.
II.
III.
IV.
What is Social Psychology?
Social Influence
Social Thinking
Social Relations
Myers Exp. Psychology
Chapter 14
I.
What is Social
Psychology?
-the study of how individuals’ thoughts,
feelings, perceptions, motives and behavior
are influenced by others
-Classic study: Triplett’s social facilitation
-Zajonc's addition
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Q: What are social roles?
Q: What are social norms?
Social deviance
Reference group
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II. Social Influence (the
power of the situation)
A. Conformity
Solomon Asch (1940)
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Q: Why do we conform?
Normative influence
Vs.
Informational Influence
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B. Obedience
“far more, and far more hideous crimes have
been committed in the name of obedience
than have ever been committed in the name of
rebellion.” C.P. Snow, 1961
-Stanley Milgram (1961)
-Yale University
-first study (40 men)...1000 participants
-prediction: less than 4% will go “all the way”
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Results
• 2/3 went “all the way” to 450 volts
• Average person quit at 300 volts
• -when college students, women were used-similar
results
• cross cultural, Australia, 68%, Jordan, 63%,
Germany, 85%
• Guidelines for debriefing
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B. Group Influence
1.
2.
3.
Social Facilitation
Social Loafing
Helping Behavior
•
•
•
•
Bystander Intervention
Kitty Genovese
Diffusion of responsibility
Deindividuation
• Latane & Darley’s 5 step model
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III. Social Thinking
A.
Attribution Theory
Fritz Heider (1958)
• Internal vs. external attributions
• Fundamental Attribution Error
–Harold Kelly-1967
–Self-serving bias
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B. Do Attitudes predict Behavior? (or do
attitudes follow behavior?)
• La Piere’s study (1934)
Q: so when do attitudes predict behavior?
–
–
–
–
Outside influences minimal
Specific attitudes
Private self-awareness
time
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C. Do actions affect
attitudes?
1.
2.
3.
Role-playing
Saying is believing
Foot in the door
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Q: Why do actions affect our attitudes?
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger-1957)
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IV. Social Relations
A.
Prejudice: learned negative attitudes
and feelings about a person based on
group membership
Discrimination: action
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Roots of Prejudice
1.
Social Categorization
(cognitive)
• In-Group and Out-group
(social/emotional)
• Out-group homogeneity effect
• Stereotypes
Myers Exp. Psychology
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Other sources of prejudice
2.
3.
4.
5.
Scapegoating (social/emotional)
Vivid Cases (cognitive)
Just world phenomenon
Self-fulfilling prophecy
-pygmalion effect
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IV. Attraction
A.
What Promotes Attraction?
1.
Proximity
mere exposure effect
2.
Physical Attractiveness
3.
Similarity vs. Complimentarity
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B. Romantic Love
1.
Passionate vs. Companionate Love
2.
Love Styles
Eros
Ludus
Storge
Mania
Pragma
Agape
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