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Transcript 
Kingdom: Fungi
Domain Eukarya
Modified from slide show by
Kim Foglia
Domain
Bacteria
AP Biology
Domain
Archaea
Domain
Eukarya
2007-2008
Common ancestor
General characteristics
 Classification criteria
eukaryotes
 heterotrophs

 feed by absorption

mostly multicellular
 except unicellular yeasts

cell wall
 chitin
 rigid polysaccharide

AP Biology
sexual & asexual reproduction
Fungal Structure
 Fungal body

mycelium
 thread-like cells
 hyphae
 Cells

multiple nuclei
 Cell wall

chitin
 just like crab shells
AP Biology
Internal structure
 Eukaryotic cells

long, thread-like cells
 = HYPHAE

incomplete divisions
between cells
 septum

AP Biology
multiple nuclei
chitin cell wall
septum
pore
nuclei
Modes of Nutrition
 Heterotrophic
fungal hypha
secrete digestive enzymes
 feed by absorption

 predators
plant cell
 paralyzing prey
membrane
 parasites
 feeding on living creatures
 decomposer
 breakdown dead remains
AP Biology
Cool…
Fungi live IN
their food!
Chocolate cake,
anyone?
plant
cell wall
plant cell
Fungal Diversity
AP Biology
Fungi
Ecological Roles
 Decomposers

recycle nutrients
 Symbiotic Relationships

lichen
 fungi + algae
 pioneer species in
ecosystems
 makes soil from bare rock

mycorrhizae
 fungi + plants
AP Biology
 enables plants to absorb more water
Mycorrhizae
 Critical role in plant growth

extends water absorption of roots
without
mycorrhizae
Endomycorrhiza
AP Biology
Ectomycorrhiza
with
mycorrhizae
Reproduction
 Asexual
budding in yeast
 mycelium produces spores via mitosis

 spread by wind
 Sexual
joining of + & – haploid mycelium
form diploid zygote
 Zygote makes haploid spores
via meiosis

AP Biology
haploid
spores
Zygomycete (Bread Mold) Life Cycle
spores
mating strain
hypha
sporangium
MEIOSIS
(2n)
diploid
AP Biology
(n)
haploid
FUSION of
gametangia
mating strain
Basidiomycete Life Cycle
gills lined
with basidia
fruiting body
basidium
(n + n)
dikaryotic
2n (diploid)
(n)
haploid
strain
AP Biology
FUSION of
and
hyphae
zygote
MEIOSIS
spores
strain
Fairy Rings
AP Biology
The FIRST Antibiotics
AP Biology
YEAST
Makes bread dough rise
 Makes yogurt
 Makes beer, champagne
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Dh04EoFYC8Y/Sb1T0bkbWbI/AAAAAAAAAWk/5hv-AYIuDkg/s320/depression+era+bread+dough+rise.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_xNH3RuEjBfQ/S0uCbqqeh3I/AAAAAAAAMWQ/Kj5fhiBXsXo/s400/yogurt.jpg
http://sisimua.com/store/images/Beers.gif
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