* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Passive Transport ppt
Survey
Document related concepts
Cytoplasmic streaming wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Cell encapsulation wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
Cytokinesis wikipedia , lookup
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Passive Transport Fluid Mosaic Model Passive Transport Does not expend cellular energy for the movement to take place Ex-rolling down a hill Parts of a Solution Solute: what gets dissolved Solvent: What does the dissolving, more plentiful that solute Solution: the mixture of solutes and solvent Example: H2O and NaCl Solute: NaCl Solvent: H2O Solution: H2O and NaCl 3 types of Passive Transport: 1. Diffusion 2. Osmosis 3. Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion Passive Transport WITHOUT a Membrane I. DIFFUSION: Definition: Transport of molecules (of solutes and solvents) From an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration Until equal distribution of concentrations reached in all areas (EQUILIBRIUM) Due to the random movement of molecules Conceptual Diagram: Review of the Types of Membranes: 1. Permeable 2. Impermeable 3. Semi-permeable 1. Permeable ALL types of molecules can get through, regardless of size or charge. 2. Impermeable (non-permeable) NO molecules can get through 3. SEMI-PERMEABLE !!!: SOME MOLECULES CAN GET THROUGH Very small or Non-charged Diffusion: Without a Membrane Osmosis: With a Membrane Osmosis and Facilitated Diffusion Passive Transport WITH a Membrane II. OSMOSIS: Definition: Diffusion through a membrane: Movement of H2O from to high to low concentration THROUGH A MEMBRANE until equilibrium II. OSMOSIS: II. OSMOSIS: U-tube Osmosis How do you get different concentrations of water (2 ways)? 1. Change the amount of solute or solvent. 2. Add a membrane 3 Types of Solutions (outside of cell): 1. Hypertonic 2. Hypotonic 3. Isotonic 1.Hypertonic: MORE More solute, less solvent (H2O) outside of the cell 90% water 80% water 2. Hypotonic: LESS Less solute, more solvent outside of the cell. 3. Isotonic: EQUAL Equal amounts of solute/solvent concentrations on both sides of membrane (a) Isotonic Water concentration inside the cells is equal to the water concentration in the fluid surrounding the cell. Therefore, there is no net movement of water either into or out of the cell. (b) Hypertonic Water concentration in the surrounding medium is lower than it is in the cell. Water moves out of the cells and the cells shrivel (crenate). (c) Hypotonic Water concentration outside the cell is greater than it is inside the cell. Water moves into the cell, which swell and sometimes burst – a process called lysis. Consequences: Hypertonic Cell Shrinking In a plant cell: PLASMOLYSIS In an animal cell: CRENATION (Shriveled) Examples: Drinking out of ocean when you are dying of thirst or Placing a fresh water fish or plant in salt water… Plant Wilting sue to lack of water Consequences: (a) Isotonic Water concentration inside the cells is equal to the water concentration in the fluid surrounding the cell. Therefore, there is no net movement of water either into or out of the cell. (b) Hypertonic Water concentration in the surrounding medium is lower than it is in the cell. Water moves out of the cells and the cells shrivel (crenate). (c) Hypotonic Water concentration outside the cell is greater than it is inside the cell. Water moves into the cell, which swell and sometimes burst – a process called lysis. Consequences: Hypotonic In a plant cell: TURGID (Firm) In an animal cell: CYTOLYSIS (Lysed: Cell Bursting) Examples: Place a salt water fish in fresh water Red Blood Cells in pure water Plants standing tall after being watered Osmotic Pressure = Turgor Pressure As a result of osmosis, extra water molecules accumulate on one side of membrane and cause pressure on the membrane “Turgor” Example: water III. FACILITATED DIFFUSION: Protein Channels in the cell membrane accept only specific molecules, like a lock accepts a particular key. III. FACILITATED DIFFUSION: III. FACILITATED DIFFUSION: Many of these protein channels are “two-way” and are called PORES. These transport ions or molecules (solutes) through membranes in either direction III. FACILITATED DIFFUSION: Like an open door allows you to pass into or out of a room. Different solute molecules fit different pores This depends on Size Polarity Shape of molecule Eg. Glucose III. FACILITATED DIFFUSION: When a solute that is plentiful on one side of membrane, they will pass by diffusion toward other side with the lower concentration. Until concentration becomes equal on both sides DON’T FORGET, THESE WERE ALL PASSIVE TRANSPORT –SO THE CELL DID NOT NEED TO EXPEND ANY NRG TO MAKE IT HAPPEN!!!!!