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24/05/2017 Plants and Photosynthesis W Richards Worthing High School Things needed for photosynthesis 24/05/2017 SUNLIGHT Gives the plant energy CHLOROPHYLL WATER Travels up from the roots CARBON DIOXIDE Enters the leaf through small holes on the underneath The green stuff where the chemical reactions happen Photosynthesis equations Carbon dioxide + _____ Sunlight Chlorophyll 24/05/2017 glucose + _____ Sunlight 6CO2 + 6H20 Chlorophyll C6H12O6 + 6O2 The GLUCOSE produced by photosynthesis is used by the plant for _______ (through ____________). It is stored in the plant as ___________. Words – respiration, starch, water, oxygen, energy 24/05/2017 Photosynthesis happens in the “palisade” cells in the leaf: Palisade cells Close up on a palisade cell: 24/05/2017 Cell wall Cell membrane Large vacuole Chloroplasts (containing chlorophyll) Nucleus Cytoplasm Method for starch test: 24/05/2017 1) Cover up part of the leaf using black card What effect does this have on the plant? 2) Boil the leaf for a few minutes What does this do to the leaf? 3) Soak the leaves in alcohol What effect does this have on the leaf? 4) Dip the leaves in water What effect does this have? 5) Drop some iodine onto the leaf What do you see? Draw and explain your results Results: 24/05/2017 The parts of the leaf which have been photosynthesising should have turned black. This shows that the part of the leaf which was covered up has not been photosynthesising, because it had no light. NO LIGHT, NO PHOTOSYNTHESIS, NO STARCH! Root hair cells 24/05/2017 Plant roots are made of “root hair cells” which have two features that help them to take in water and nutrients: Root hair cells Large surface area Thin cell membrane Using water Plants need water to do the following: Enable transport of minerals Produce glucose Form fruits Keep the leaves cool Enable growth 24/05/2017 Photosynthesis and Respiration 24/05/2017 In earlier work we looked at respiration: Glucose + oxygen water + carbon dioxide Photosynthesis is the reverse of respiration: Water + carbon dioxide glucose + oxygen