Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Rise of the Totalitarian State Rise of Dictators Totalitarianism? Totalitarian-state is a government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens. America is looking for a new leader. Examine candidate A & B for the what you think our country needs. Which candidate would you choose? Write your answer with a brief reason why? Candidate A • Make us great again • Our present leadership is indecisive, we need a strong, effective leader • Rebuild our army to protect us • Regain land lost over the years • Restore our economic stability • Put health of our country about all else Candidate B • No simple or quick solution to our problem • Put more people back to work but economic recovery will be slow • Provide for the poor, elderly, and sick • Avoid reckless military spending • Act responsibly to protect our democracy • Be a good country and honor our debts we owe The Great Depression [1929-1941] Paris in 1930 London in 1930 • Germany made 1st reparation payment 1921 but by the next year said it could not afford to pay any more •France invaded Industrial Ruhr region of Germany to take wealth from mines & factories •Germany workers go on strike – German gov’t prints more $ to pay the strikers Why Follow A Totalitarian?? Desperate People Follow Desperate Leaders What is Fascism? • Strong Nationalism •Destroy the individual & push for common community (extreme national & racial heritage) •Denied Civil Liberties •Strong leader – who represents desires & dreams of nation •IL Duce – Italy •Fuhrer - Germany •Hated Modern Art, rights for women, and despised religious factions •Used Censorship of media •Created unity through •Special Salutes •Military Emblems, Parades, & Rallies •Absolute Power •Elite Military Group From Latin meaning bundle of sticks – Romans carried as a symbol of authority and community Benito Mussolini Country: Italy Date in Power: 1922 Political Party: National Fascist Party Type of Government: Fascist Control • Secret Police (OVRA) • Italy was upset over lack of land gain after WWI – wanted a strong leader • Brutal Beating by Black Shirts • Propaganda • Censorship of the media • Boys/girls educated on Fascist loyalty • Regain Roman greatness • Gained support (factory & landowner) by defeating extremist & ending worker strikes Policies • Supported Catholic Church • Extreme Nationalism (Fascism) • Anti-Socialism • Anti Communism Mussolini & his Black Shirt officers Joseph Stalin Country: USSR Date in Power: 1929 Political Party: Communist Party Type of Government: Communist Control • Purge – forcefully remove of enemies & opponents • Secret Police • Prison/labor camps • State run media • Used show trial to torture opponents into confessing to crimes Policies • 5 year plans for industries • Collectivization of farms (all farms put under gov’t control) • Any peasant who didn’t let his farm be collected was killed • Heavy industries of steel & iron promoted • By 1930 – Soviet Union emerged as a major industrial power *It may be never known how many people Stalin had killed but the known figure stands at 10 million Gulag – Prison/Labor Camp Adolf Hitler Country: Germany Date in Power: 1933 Political Party: National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP or Nazi) Type of Government: Fascist Control • • • • • • SS – personal military Police Force -Gestapo Propaganda State run media Terror & Repression Racial Laws (Nuremberg Laws) • Concentration & Death Camps Policies • • • • • • • • • Rearmament Public works projects Racism (Anti-Semitism) Extreme Nationalism (fascism) Enabling Act – ignore Constitution Mass Demonstration Hitler Youth Censorship – book burnings Women – nurse, social workers or mothers Japan • Tojo ran nation, but Hirohito was “figurehead” or leader without any real power. • Invaded Manchuria • Invaded China • Set out to build huge Japanese empire in Asia • Japan suffered during the depression from lack of natural resources • Date in Power: 1926 • Political Party: Military • Type of Government: Militarism, uses military to achieve national goals