Download (self esteem & mental health)

Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and
Mental Health
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
How frequently do you engage in the following behaviors?
SCORING:
1 = never
2 = occasionally
3 = most of the time
4 = all of the time
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
I praise myself when I do a good job.
I do what I know is right, even if others use pressure
to try to stop me from doing the right thing.
I am confident enough to try new things, even if I
might fail at them.
I ask people for help if I need it.
I like to volunteer to help others when I can.
I concentrate on my strengths and work to improve
my weaknesses.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Point
Chapter 3
Ranges:
19 or more points:
You show respect for yourself
and others and probably have
high self-esteem.
10 - 18 points:
You probably have a healthy
self-esteem but could make
improvements in behavior to
self and others.
9 points or less:
You should be working hard
to make improvements in how
they show respect for
yourself and others.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and
Mental Health
Contents
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
Section 2 Using Good Communication Skills
Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health
Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and Mental Health
Section 1
Building Your Self-Esteem
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and Mental Health
Vocab:
P50
Self-esteem
Self-concept
Integrity (AHISD motto)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
What is Self-Esteem?
Self-esteem: how much you value, respect, and
feel confident about yourself.
Benefits of High Self Esteem:
• respect for yourself
• ability to reach goals
• willingness to try new things
• feel valued by others
Risks of Low Self Esteem:
• Vulnerable to peer pressure
• More likely to make unhealthy decisions
• More likely to be critical of yourself and others
• Increased risk of depression and suicide
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
Self-concept:
a measure of how you view yourself in
society.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
Your self-esteem affects the way you interpret
“negative” messages from others….
•Try to view “negative” messages as
constructive criticism (if you can).
•Your self-esteem does not have to suffer
from the “negative” messages from others!
•You alone have the power to control your
self-esteem and moods—don’t give others the
power to control your self esteem! (Don’t let
other people dictate your mood/feelings!!!)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
Tips for Improving Your Self-Esteem:
•
•
•
•
•
Use Positive Self-Talk (say positive messages
to yourself when in doubt)
Act with Integrity (doing what you know is
right, regardless of the situation)
Choose Supportive Friends (your friends
should support your values and goals)
Accept Yourself (focus on your strengths and
let go of weaknesses that you cannot change)
Take Care of Your Health (feeling good,
physically, can help your self-esteem)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
15 Things That Emotionally Strong People DON’T Do
There is a particular aspect of mental strength that is the deciding factor of whether or
not you will have a good life. There are many levels to mental strength and all are
needed to be successful and happy. The one particular area of mental strength that has
the greatest impact is that of emotional strength.
Emotions are, of course, a part of our psyche, yet nevertheless, can be distinguished
from the remainder of mental qualities because they most directly influence our physical
body. They affect the way our body functions and they drive every single one of our
actions. Without emotion, we would have no reason to act, to do anything with
ourselves.
Emotions are our greatest motivators. Unfortunately, they can motivate us to act in any
direction, even the wrong one. For this reason, emotional strength is essential. There
are countless situations that emotionally strong people avoid and many actions they
never take.
Here are 15 of them………..
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont)
1. They Don’t Beg For Attention
Needing attention is directly linked to emotion. Those who feel the need
for recognition only find themselves experiencing feelings of worth when
others make them feel needed; it’s as if these people are uncertain of their
value or if they have any ounce of self-worth. Feeling unsure of your worth
can be a self-fulfilling prophecy; if you don’t know you matter then no one
will ever believe you do.
2. They Don’t Allow Others To Bring Them Down
Emotional strength requires resilience. This world is filled with haters and
trolls. There are jealous eyes lurking around every corner. The unfortunate
truth is that many of the people who hold us back the most are those
closest to us. Getting rid of these people is often the best solution but also
the most difficult. Each one of these people you remove from your life will
be one fewer emotional trigger.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont)
3. They Don’t Hold Grudges
If you’re holding a grudge then you already care more about a situation
than you should. If a person apologizes genuinely, forgive him or her! If
this person doesn’t apologize, then don’t interact with them…but don’t
hold grudges. People with whom you seek to alienate and hold grudges
against take up too much of your mental energy and do more harm than
good.
4. They Never Stop Doing Their Own Thing
Emotionally strong individuals do what they do because they love doing it.
They don’t plan on slowing down or stopping for anyone who deems their
happiness is unimportant or inappropriate.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont)
5. They Never Stop Believing In Themselves
Those who love themselves and understand themselves — those who
aren’t afraid or proud to be themselves — never doubt themselves. You
amount to your own self-worth, not a penny more.
6. They Don’t Act Like B-words or A-holes
People are mean. But we wonder, why? Being a jerk is only good as an
intimidation factor, and if you’re trying to intimidate people, then you better
be a negotiator by profession; if you’re intimidating just for the sake of it,
you’re obviously overcompensating for a lack of confidence.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont)
7. They Know Better Than To Let Just Anyone Into Their Lives
The emotionally strong are emotionally strong for a reason: They don’t
expose themselves to people who break down their defenses and crush
their morale. Most people in the world are lost and will be more than
happy to take you along with them. Don’t let an awful acquaintance ruin
your happiness.
8. They Aren’t Afraid To Love
If you’re afraid to love, you don’t have enough confidence in yourself. You
obviously think you can’t be in a lasting relationship, but only in one that is
doomed for disaster. You don’t want to get hurt again because getting hurt
really sucks. There is no reason for you to get your heart broken again
because you are awesome. If things don’t work out, it’s not you. It’s the
two of you together. Unless, of course, you are an awful human being; in
that case, it is you.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont)
9. They Don’t Lie In Bed Dreading The Day Ahead Of Them
The best part of your day should be the moment you wake up and realize
you’re still alive. We take life for granted too regularly.
10. They’re Not Afraid Of Slowing Down
Emotionally strong people aren’t in need of constant action and
excitement. They don’t need to run around all day and keep moving in
order to avoid their demons. They appreciate a slow moment because it
brings them closer to what it feels like to do nothing but living and
breathing. This is not to say that they don’t enjoy excitement in their lives,
but they aren’t fixated on the next emotional rush—they’re happy to just
go for a walk and smell the roses.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont)
11. They Don’t Do Things They Don’t Want To Do
We all do things that we don’t love to do, but we should never do things
that we don’t want to do. The emotionally strong understand that and
almost always manage to figure out a way to focus on what they love,
which allows them to figure out what they need to do, in order to do what
they love. Although they may not love every second of it, they like doing
what they’re doing because it’s bringing them one step closer to what they
would love to do.
12. They Have No Problem Saying “No”
If you can’t say “no,” you will get abused. You’ll be considered a pushover
and no one will ever ask you for your opinion or take it seriously when you
give it. Saying “no” reminds people that they don’t have control over you.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont)
13. They Don’t “Forget” To Give Back
We’re not too busy or too poor to donate our money and/or time. We don’t
forget, either. Some people just choose to ignore our responsibilities as
human beings. The stronger you are emotionally, the more you come to
appreciate others and life itself. You give life more worth and you begin to
empathize with those who were dealt a bad hand.
14. They Don’t Feel The Need To Fit In
The stronger you are emotionally, the more independent you become. You
don’t feel the need to fit in because you fit in where it matters: the world.
People form smaller social groups that are often skewed and unhealthy.
Wanting to fit in doesn’t say much more than “I’m afraid to be myself.”
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem
15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont)
15. They Don’t Forget That Happiness Is A Decision
Most importantly, the emotionally strong have learned to understand the
power their brains have over both the mind and body. They understand
that emotions are reactions, not reactions to direct physical causes, but to
the way we perceive those causes. In other words, our emotions don’t
reflect reality; rather, our emotions reflect the way we interpret reality.
Understanding this gives us near-full control of our emotions and,
therefore, our lives.
article source: http://elitedaily.com/life/15-things-that-emotionally-strong-people-dont-do/
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and Mental Health
Section 2
Using Good
Communication Skills
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and Mental Health
Vocab:
P55
Passive
Aggressive
Assertive
Empathy
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 2 Using Good
Communication Skills
Good Communication is Important
1. Prevents Misunderstandings
(unclear communication can cause hurtful
misunderstandings)
2. Building Healthy Relationships
(communication is a tool for building good
relationships)
3. Expressing Yourself
(good communication skills help you let others
know what you want and need…and this will help
you get what you want out of your relationships)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 2 Using Good
Communication Skills
Communication Styles
1. Passive (does not speak up when challenged or
pressured)
2. Aggressive (hostile and unfriendly)
3. Assertive (when you communicate assertively,
you express yourself in a direct, but respectful way)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 2 Using Good
Communication Skills
Speaking Skills Can Improve Communication:
Voice Volume Speaking too loudly or too softly can
send a bad message.
Tone and Pitch (conveys your attitude)
“I” Messages and “You” Messages
An “I” message explains how you feel.
A “you” message can seem like blame.
Empathy (the ability to understand another person’s
feelings)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 2 Using Good
Communication Skills
Listening Skills Can Improve Communication
1. Active Listening
• lets the speaker know you are listening and
clarifying anything confusing
• ex: saying uh-huh, right, yes, I see, etc. while
listening
2. Paraphrasing
• using your own words to restate what someone
else says
• ex: “So what you’re saying is……….”
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 2 Using Good
Communication Skills
Body Language Can Affect Communication,
while speaking OR listening:
What do you think each of the following nonverbal cues might communicate to others?
•
•
•
•
•
Maintaining eye contact
Opening your eyes wide
Making poor eye contact
Scratching your head
Touching your hand to
your face, or…
• Covering your mouth
• Standing straight and tall
• Squinting at the speaker
• Not facing the
person/people
• Crossing your arms
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and Mental Health
Section 3
Mental and Emotional Health
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and Mental Health
Vocab:
P61
Mental Health
Self-Actualization
Emotion
Defense Mechanism
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health
Mental Health
• Mental health: A state of mental well-being (you
can cope with the demands of daily life)
• Characteristics of mentally and emotionally
healthy people include:
• A sense of control
• Ability to endure failures and frustrations
• Ability to see events positively
• Can express emotions in a healthy way
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• A list of the basic needs
one must achieve on
the way to selfactualization.
• Self-actualization is the
achievement of the best
that a person can be.
• Abraham Maslow
believed that everyone
has a drive to reach
self-actualization.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health
Expressing Emotions can make you HAPPIER!
• Emotion: a feeling produced in response to life
experiences.
•
Expressing emotions in a healthy way is
important for your mental and emotional health.
•
We learn to express our emotions by observing
others (you’re a product of your environment)
•
You can RELEARN how to express
emotions more constructively!
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health
Tips for Managing Emotions constructively:
•
Talk it out with a friend or trusted adult, or in your
own head
•
Blow off steam with physical activity (can help
you release negative energy and release
endorphins)
•
Be creative Creative activities also help release
tension.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health
Managing Emotions when you’re angry:
• Frustration leads to anger (prevent or manage your
frustrations before they get out of hand)
• Learn to recognize when you feel angry.
• When you do feel angry, try to calm down before taking
action.
• Anger can ALWAYS be dealt with APPROPRIATELY!
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health
Managing Other Negative Emotions
1. Fear:
• (bad): can be debilitating
• (good): can protect you from real danger.
•
use positive self-talk to get over fear.
2. Guilt:
• alerts you when you are acting against your
values.
• do your best to right the wrong.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health
Managing Other Negative Emotions
3. Jealousy
• fear that you will lose someone or something you
love.
• talking about it and restructuring your thoughts
and feelings is usually the best way to cope.
4. Loneliness
• feeling emotionally isolated from others.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health
Defense Mechanisms:
Unconscious thoughts or behaviors used to avoid
(or cope with) unpleasant emotions.
•
•
•
Most DM’s do NOT fix the real problem (they’re a
coping skill that help us deal with difficult
emotions temporarily).
DM’s can mask your true (uncomfortable)
feelings.
It’s best to manage your emotions in a
constructive, problem-solving, way (focus on the
real issue and deal with that).
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and Mental Health
Section 4
Understanding Mental
Disorders
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Self-Esteem and Mental Health
Vocab:
P68
Mental Disorder
Symptom
Depression
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
Bellringer
What symptoms or behaviors do you
associate with depression?
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
What Are Mental Disorders?
Mental disorder: an illness that affects a person’s:
THOUGHTS
EMOTIONS
BEHAVIORS
…are often misunderstood.
…many are treatable.
…knowing the symptoms can help you understand
mental disorders.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
Symptoms of Mental Disorders:
Symptom: a change in a person’s body or mind,
caused by a disease or disorder.
• The following are common symptoms of many
mental disorders:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Too much or too little sleep
Feelings of extreme sadness
Unexplained mood changes
Drug or alcohol abuse
Inability to concentrate
Extreme anxiety or irrational fear
Personality changes
False perceptions of reality
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
Types of Mental Disorders…….
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
DEPRESSION: sadness and hopelessness that
keeps a person from carrying out normal,
everyday activities.
Symptoms:
•
Lack of energy
•
Withdrawal from people
•
Loss of appetite or overeating
•
Too much or too little sleep
•
Feelings of helplessness and hopelessness
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
If you are experiencing depression…
1. Face the problem and seek professional help.
2. Identify the “real” problem
• loneliness?
• a loss of something significant?
(ex: loved one, job, etc)
• chemical imbalance?
3. Take action
• change negative thinking
• seeking support from others
• increasing physical activity
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
ATTENTION DEFICIT / HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER:
• the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder in
children
• It is a lifelong disorder
Symptoms
• being frequently inattentive or impulsively hyperactive
Causes
• unknown
Can be treated (finding the best treatment can be
difficult)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
ANXIETY DISORDERS:
• fear-based
• can keep you from taking part in daily activities
• Phobias (extreme fear of something that poses
no real danger)
PANIC DISORDERS:
• extreme terror and panic attacks
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER:
• characterized by uncomfortable thoughts called
obsessions
• repetitive behaviors called compulsions
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
Causes of Mental Disorders:
• Some develop from traumatic or stressful life
experiences.
• Some can be inherited.
• Some are caused by physical disorders or injuries.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
Section 4 Understanding Mental
Disorders
Many mental disorders can be treated or cured…
Treatments:
• Psychotherapy--especially useful in treating mental
disorders caused by traumatic experiences.
• Group therapy--a licensed therapist leads a group of
people who may have a similar disorder.
• Medication--can also help in the treatment of some
mental disorders.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
End of Chapter 3
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.