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Mrs. McWilliams 7th and 8th Grade Health
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Depressant
Contains an intoxicating substance called
ethyl alcohol or ethanol
Produced by the fermentation process
◦ The anaerobic (no oxygen) conversion of sugar to
carbon dioxide and alcohol by yeast.
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The concentration of alcohol in a beverage is the
proof value
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Proof value = 2X percentage alcohol.
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Example: 100 proof (whiskey) contains 50% alcohol
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12 oz beer
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5 oz wine
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Mixed drink with 1.5 oz of 80 proof liquor
(40% alcohol)
Current recommendations are:
– 1 drink/day for women
– 2 drinks/day for men
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1/3 are abstainers
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2/3 are drinkers
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– 1/3 are light drinkers
– 1/3 are moderate/heavy drinkers
10% of the drinking population is considered
heavy drinkers- they are responsible for 50% of
all alcohol consumption in the US!
Annual Sales of alcohol average out to roughly
2.3 gallons of absolute alcohol per person!
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20% rapidly absorbed into bloodstream
75 % through upper part of the small
intestine and the rest enters further along in
the intestinal tract.
Metabolism of alcohol is in the liver.
2-10% is not metabolized but is excreted
through the sweat glands, lungs and kidneys.
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Strength of the beverage

Number of drinks consumed

Speed of consumption
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Presence of food in stomach
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Physical tolerance
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Percentage of alcohol in a measured amount
of blood
Measured from exhaled breath or blood
sample
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Drinking alcohol impairs vision, reaction time,
and coordination.
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DWI and DUI –leading cause of death among
teens
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Signs of intoxication can begin to appear as
low as 0.02

There is no acceptable BAC level for anyone
under 21
Normal
healthy liver
Liver with
cirrhosis
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Fetus is exposed to alcohol in a slower
manner than an adult
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Damage results in mental retardation
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Other characteristics are low birth weight,
facial abnormalities, widely spaced eyes,
and a much smaller head
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Full expression rate: 1-3 out of 1000 births
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Partial expression rate: 3-9/100 births
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Regular daily intake of large amounts
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Regular heavy drinking limited to weekends
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Long periods of sobriety interspersed with
periods of binge drinking lasting weeks or
months
Heavy drinking limited to periods of stress
Alcohol Edition
A major factor in traffic accidents, homicides,
and suicides for 16 to 24 year olds is
a. alcohol use
b. smoking cigarettes
c. affiliation with gangs
d. psychological disorders
a. Alcohol Use
Teens often choose to drink because they
think it
a.
b.
c.
d.
Increases their self confidence
sharpens perceptions
enhances memory
improves judgment
a. Increases their self
confidence
When a person stumbles and has difficulty
walking after consuming alcohol, he or she
a.
b.
c.
d.
has withdrawal symptoms
is intoxicated
has alcohol poisoning
has a nervous system disorder
b. Is intoxicated
True/ False
Food in the stomach allows a person to drink
heavily without becoming intoxicated.
False
A physical and psychological dependence on
the drug ethanol is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Addiction
Alcohol Poisoning
Intoxication
Alcoholism
d. Alcoholism
True/ False
The liver is responsible for breaking down
alcohol.
True
A condition is which the liver tissue is
destroyed and replaced with useless scar
tissue is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Fatty liver
Arteriosclerosis
Cirrhosis
Fermentation
c. Cirrhosis
An inflammation or infection of the liver,
sometimes caused by the toxic effects of
alcohol is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Fatty liver
Hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Fetal alcohol syndrome
b. Hepatitis
True/False
Some binge drinkers mistakenly believe that
they are not really in trouble with alcohol
because they do not drink every day.
True
The chemical action of yeast on sugars is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Delirium tremens
Ethanol
Fermentation
Hydrolization
c. Fermentation
True/ False
Short term effects of alcohol use on the body
can include cirrhosis and brain damage.
False
True/False
A serving of beer or wine contains less alcohol
than a serving of whiskey.
False
The first stage of alcoholism is characterized
by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Malnutrition
Defensive behavior
Rationalization of drinking behavior
Reverse alcohol tolerance
c. Rationalization of drinking
behavior
In the United States, fetal alcohol syndrome is
the leading cause of
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sudden infant death syndrome
Mental retardation
Alcoholic hepatitis
Stillbirth
b. Mental
retardation
True/ False
The kidneys oxidize alcohol to form water,
carbon dioxide, and energy.
False