Download Muscles that Affect the Lower Leg

1
The Leg Muscles
BIO 238
Instructor: Dr. Gourdine
LE 8-7
Ilium
Ilium
POSTERIOR
Ischium
ANTERIOR
ANTERIOR
POSTERIOR
Pubis
Ischium
Pubis
Iliac crest
Anterior
gluteal
line
Anterior
superior
iliac spine
Posterior
gluteal
line
Auricular surface
for articulation
with sacrum
Iliac
fossa
Inferior
gluteal line
Posterior
superior
iliac spine
Posterior
superior
iliac spine
Anterior inferior
iliac spine
Posterior inferior
iliac spine
Posterior inferior
iliac spine
Acetabulum
Greater sciatic notch
Greater sciatic notch
Superior ramus of pubis
Ischial spine
Pectineal line
Lesser sciatic
notch
Ischial spine
Lesser sciatic notch
Pubic tubercle
Ischial tuberosity
Inferior ramus of pubis
Ischial tuberosity
Obturator foramen
Ischial ramus
Ischial ramus
Right coxal bone, lateral view
Right coxal bone, medial view
LE 8-8
SACRUM
COCCYX
ILIUM
Coxal bone
(Figure 8–7)
PUBIS
ISCHIUM
Iliac crest
L4
L5
L5
Iliac
fossa
Sacral
foramina
ILIUM
Posterior
superior
iliac spine
SACRUM
PUBIS
Acetabulum
SACRUM
Posterior
inferior
iliac spine
Ischial spine
Pubic
symphysis
Pubic
tubercle
Greater
sciatic
notch
ISCHIUM
Ischial tuberosity
Obturator
foramen
COCCYX
Anterior view
Posterior view
LE 8-11
Neck
Neck
Greater trochanter
Femoral head
Intertrochanteric
line
Greater
trochanter
Intertrochanteric
crest
Gluteal tuberosity
Lesser trochanter
Pectineal line
Linea aspera
Shaft
Popliteal surface
Patellar surface
Intercondylar fossa
Adductor tubercle
Medial epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Lateral condyle
Lateral epicondyle
Lateral condyle
Medial condyle
Anterior surface
Posterior surface
LE 8-12
Base of patella
Lateral facet, for
lateral condyle
of femur
Attachment area
for quadriceps
tendon
Medial facet, for
medial condyle
of femur
Attachment area
for patellar
ligament
Articular surface
of patella
Apex of
patella
Anterior view
Posterior view
LE 8-13
Lateral tibial condyle
Medial tibial condyle
Head of fibula
Lateral tibial condyle
Tibial tuberosity
Head of fibula
Soleal line
Anterior margin
FIBULA
TIBIA
FIBULA
Medial malleolus (tibia)
Lateral malleolus
(fibula)
Lateral malleolus
(fibula)
Anterior view
Posterior view
LE 8-14
Metatarsal
bones
Medial
cuneiform
Navicular Talus
Calcaneus
Phalanges
Trochlea
of talus
Calcaneus
Talus
Cuboid
Navicular
Lateral
Intermediate
Medial
V
Cuneiform bones
IV III
II
I
Metatarsal bones
Proximal
phalanx
Middle
phalanx
Proximal
phalanx
Distal
phalanx
Hallux
Superior view, right foot
Distal
phalanx
Transverse Longitudinal
arch
arch
Medial view, right foot
8
Knee Flexion and Extension
9
Knee Lateral and Medial Rotation
10
Ankle Inversion and Eversion
11
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
12
Quadriceps Femoris (pg 306)
• Rectus femoris
▫ O-Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS),
▫ I-Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and
patellar ligament)
▫ A-Extension of knee, assists flexion of
femur at hip
Figure 11–20b
13
Quadriceps Femoris (pg 306)
• Vastus medialis
▫ O- Medial lip of linea aspera on posterior
femur
▫ I- Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and
patellar ligament)
▫ A- Knee extension
14
Quadriceps Femoris (pg 306)
• Vastus lateralis
▫ O- Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal
tuberocity and greater trochanter of
femur
▫ I- Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and
patellar ligament)
▫ A- Knee extension
15
Quadriceps Femoris (pg 306)
• Vastus intermedius
▫ O- Anterior and lateral femoral shaft
▫ I- Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and
patellar ligament)
▫ A- Knee extension
16
Hamstrings (pg 313)
• Biceps femoris
▫ O-Long head: Ischial tuberosity; Short
head: lateral lip of linea aspera
▫ I-Head of fibula
▫ A-Both heads: flexion of knee, lateral
rotation of flexed knee; Long head:
extension of hip, assist with lateral
rotation of the hip.
Figure 11–20a
17
Hamstrings (pg 313)
• Semitendinosus
▫ O-Ischial tuberosity
▫ I-Proximal, medial tibial shaft
▫ A-Extension of hip, flexion of knee,
medial rotation of flexed knee, assist in
medial hip rotation
18
Hamstrings (pg 313)
• Semimembranosus
▫ O-Ischial tuberosity
▫ I-Posterior medial tibial condyle
▫ A-Extension of hip, flexion of knee,
medial rotation of flexed knee, assist in
medial hip rotation
19
Knee Flexor (pg 375)
• Popliteus
▫ O-Lateral condyle of femur
▫ I-Posterior proximal tibial shaft
▫ A-Flexion and medial rotation of knee
Figure 11–21a,b
20
Pg 324
• Tensor fasciae latae
▫ O- Iliac crest
▫ I- Iliotibial tract
▫ A- Flexion, medial rotation,
and abduction of hip
Figure 11–19a,
21
Pg 326
• Sartorius
▫ O- Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
▫ I- Proximal, medial shaft of tibia
▫ A- Flexion, abduction and lateral rotation
of the hip; Flexion and medial rotation of
knee
22
Ankle Extensors (pg 371)
• Gastrocnemius
▫ O- Condyles of femur
▫ I- Calcaneus via Achilles (calcaneal) tendon
▫ A- Plantarflexion of ankle, assists flexion of knee
Figure 11–21a,b
23
Ankle Extensors (pg 371)
• Soleus
▫ O- Soleal line: proximal, posterior surface of tibia, posterior aspect
of head of fibula
▫ I- Calcaneus via Achilles tendon
▫ A- Plantarflexion of ankle
Figure 11–21a,b
24
Ankle Extensors (pg 376)
• Peroneus (Fibularis) longus
▫ O- Head and lateral shaft of fibula
▫ I- Base of first metatarsal, medial cuneiform
▫ A- Eversion and plantar flexion of ankle
Figure 11–21a,b
25
Ankle Extensors (pg 376)
• Peroneus (Fibularis) brevis
▫ O- Lateral shaft of fibula
▫ I- Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
▫ A- Eversion and plantar flexion of ankle
Figure 11–21a,b
26
Ankle Flexor (pg 379)
• Tibialis anterior
▫ O-Lateral condyle and laterial shaft of tibia, interosseous
membrane
▫ I-Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuniform
▫ A-Dorsiflexion and inversion of ankle
Figure 11–21a,b
27
Digital Extensors (pg 379)
• Extensor digitorum longus
▫ O- Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal 2/3 of anterior shaft of
fibula
▫ I- Middle and distal phalanges of 4 lateral toes
▫ A- Extension of 2nd through 5th toes, dorsiflexion and eversion of
ankle.
Figure 11–21a,b