Download Subscapularis

Shoulder and Arm
Kinesiology Flash Cards
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Directions
• The first slide asks a question.
• The second slide answers the question.
• Use these slides like flash cards to test
your core knowledge.
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Question
• What is the superior attachment
of the trapezius muscle?
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Answer
• The occipital bone
• More specifically, the external occipital protuberance
and the superior nuchal line
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Question
• What ligament attaches the
superior trapezius to the spinous
processes of the cervical
vertebrae?
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Answer
• The ligamentum nuchae
• This ligament sticks out posteriorly from the spinous
processes of the cervical vertebrae.
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Question
• Which vertebrae does the
trapezius attach to?
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Answer
• The spinous processes of all cervical and
all thoracic vertebrae (C1 through T12).
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Question
• What bones of the shoulder girdle does
the trapezius muscle attach to?
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Answer
• Scapula
– The points on the scapula that the traps
attach to are the spine of the scapula and the
acromion process.
• Clavicle
– The trapezius muscle inserts as a continuous
line from the scapula to the lateral third of the
clavicle.
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Question
•
What bony landmark is the vertebral
attachment site for the trapezius muscle?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Transverse process
The lamina
The spinous process
The pedicle
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Answer
a. Transverse process
b. The lamina
c.The spinous process
d. The pedicle
The spinous process is the bony spike that grows directly posteriorly
and at the midline of the posterior portion of the vertebra. It is the part
that looks like the ridges that stick out of the backs of lizards.
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Question
•
Which fibers of the trapezius are most
responsible for retraction of the scapula?
a. Upper fibers
b. Middle fibers
c. Lower fibers
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Answer
a. Upper fibers
b.Middle fibers
c. Lower fibers
The middle fibers of the trapezius originate at the upper 5 thoracic
vertebrae, and insert at the spine of the scapula, and the acromion
process. The horizontal alignment of these fibers allows for retraction
of the scapula.
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Question
•
Which Vertebrae have attachment sites for the
rhomboid muscles?
a. C7-T5
b. T5-T10
c. T10-L2
d. L2-L5
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Answer
a.C7-T5
b. T5-T10
c. T10-L2
d. L2-L5
• Rhomboid minor originates at C7 and T1,
and is superior to rhomboid major.
• Rhomboid major originates at T2-T5.
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Question
• What are the actions of the rhomboid
muscles?
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Answer
• Retract the scapula
• Elevate the scapula
• Downward rotation of the scapula (causing
the glenoid fossa to face inferiorly)
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Question
•
What is the origin of the levator scapula
muscle?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Upper 4 cervical vertebrae
Lower 4 cervical vertebrae
The occipital bone
The temporal bone
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Answer
a. Upper 4 cervical vertebrae
b.
c.
d.
Lower 4 cervical vertebrae
The occipital bone
The temporal bone
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Question
• What is the action of the levator scapula
muscle?
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Answer
• Elevation of the scapula
• Downward rotation of the scapula
• Lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of
the cervical vertebrae
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Question
• What is the origin of the serratus anterior
muscle?
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Answer
• Upper 9 ribs
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Question
• What is the action of the serratus anterior
muscle?
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Answer
• Protraction of the scapula
– This is motion of the scapula laterally and
anteriorly.
– The serratus anterior also plays an important
role in holding the scapula close to the
posterior ribcage.
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Question
• What bone connects the scapula to the
axial skeleton?
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Answer
• Clavicle
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Question
•
Which muscle lies superficially to the
pectoralis minor?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Pectoralis major
Serratus anterior
Coracobrachialis
Brachioradialis
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Answer
a. Pectoralis major
b. Serratus anterior
c. Coracobrachialis
d. Brachioradialis
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Question
• What is the insertion of the pectoralis
major?
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Answer
• The lateral lip of the bicipital groove.
– The bicipital groove is also referred to as the
intertubercular sulcis. This landmark is where the tendon
for the long head of the biceps brachii lies. It is between
the lesser tubercle and greater tubercle of the humerus.
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Question
What are the origins for the pectoralis
major? (Choose three of the options
below.)
– Humerus
– Sternum
– Clavicle
– Scapula
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—
—
—
—
Ribs
Coracoid process
Cervical vertebrae
Ulna
Answer
• Sternum
• Clavicle
• Ribs
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Question
What is the origin of the pectoralis minor?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sternum
Clavicle
Coracoid process
Ribs
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Answer
a. Sternum
b. Clavicle
c. Coracoid process
d. Ribs
–
The origin of the smaller pec muscle, pectoralis
minor, is at ribs 3, 4, and 5.
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Question
• Which of the teres muscles medially
rotates the arm at the shoulder?
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Answer
Teres major
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Question
What muscle has the same action as teres major?
a. Teres minor
b. Pectoralis major
c. Latissimus dorsi
d. Deltoids
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Answer
• Teres minor
• Pectoralis major
• Latissimus dorsi
• Deltoids
– This little muscle, teres major, is nicknamed “lat’s little
helper,” as it does the same action as its much larger
counterpart, the latissimus dorsi.
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Question
• What rotator cuff muscle causes the first
15° of abduction of the humerus at the
shoulder?
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Answer
• Supraspinatus
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Question
Put these body parts in order of most superficial to
most deep.
– Ribs
– Scapula
– Subscapularis
– Infraspinatus
– Serratus anterior
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Answer
– Infraspinatus
– Scapula
– Subscapularis
– Serratus anterior
– Ribs
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Question
• What are the four muscles of the rotator
cuff? Hint: This group of muscles is often
referred to as the SITS muscles.
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Answer
•
•
•
•
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
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Question
• What muscle of the rotator cuff has an
action of medial rotation of the humerus at
the shoulder?
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Answer
• Subscapularis
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Question
• What three muscles attach at the coracoid
process?
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Answer
• Pectoralis minor
• The short head of the biceps brachii
• Coracobrachialis
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Question
• What muscle can flex, extend, and abduct
the humerus at the shoulder?
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Answer
• The deltoid
– This shoulder muscle has three heads, each with its
own set of actions.
– The heads are:
• Anterior
• Middle
• Posterior
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