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Chapter
6
The Skeletal
System: Axial
Division
PowerPoint® Lecture Slides
prepared by Agnes Yard and
Michael Yard
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,
publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Lateral and anterior to the carotid foramen, the
temporal bone articulates with what bone?
a. sphenoid bone
b. ethmoid bone
c. temporal bone
d. parietal bone
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following statements best describes the
differences between the skulls of infants and adults?
a. The skulls differ in terms of shape and
structure of cranial elements.
b. The cranium of a young child is relatively
smaller than that of an adult.
c. The most significant growth in the skull
occurs before age three.
d. All of the above statements are true.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following vertebra is known as the “vertebra
prominens” due to its long spinous process that can be palpated?
a. C2
b. C7
c. T1
d. L1
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which facial bone bears an incisive fossa, which marks the
openings of the incisive canals through which small arteries and
nerves are transmitted?
a. nasal
b. mandible
c. vomer
d. maxilla
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following statements does not accurately
describe the ethmoid bone?
a. It is an irregularly shaped bone that forms
part of the orbital wall.
b. It forms the posteromedial floor of the
cranium.
c. It forms part of the nasal septum.
d. It has three parts: the cribriform plate, the
ethmoidal labyrinth, and the perpendicular
plate.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following statements regarding vertebral
regions is correct?
a. Five lumbar vertebrae form the lower back, and the
fifth articulates with the coccyx.
b. During development, the sacrum originates as a group
of five vertebrae; whereas, the coccyx begins as three
to five very small vertebrae.
c. The twelve thoracic vertebrae form the mid-back
region, and each vertebra articulates with two pairs of
ribs.
d. All of the above are correct.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following statements regarding cervical
vertebrae is false?
a. The superior surface of the body is convex from side
to side, sloping, with the anterior edge inferior to the
posterior edge.
b. The spinous process is relatively stumpy, usually
shorter than the diameter of the vertebral foramen.
c. Laterally, the transverse processes are fused to the
costal processes, which are fused remnants of
cervical ribs.
d. The costal and transverse processes encircle
transverse foramina, which protect the vertebral
arteries and vertebral veins.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which cranial bone articulates with every other cranial bone,
extends from one side to the other across the floor of the cranium,
and acts as a bridge, connecting cranial and facial bones?
a. ethmoid
b. temporal
c. parietal
d. sphenoid
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
In the condition called lordosis, which vertebral curvature is
affected, and in which direction is the exaggeration?
a. thoracic curve, anterior exaggeration
b. thoracic curve, posterior exaggeration
c. lumbar curve, anterior exaggeration
d. lumbar curve, posterior exaggeration
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which structures form most of the hard palate of the
mouth?
a. frontal processes of the maxillae
b. palatal processes of the maxillae
c. horizontal plates of the palatine bones
d. alveolar processes of the maxillae
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which vertebral structure transfers weight along the
axis of the vertebral column?
a. vertebral arch
b. transverse processes
c. vertebral body (centrum)
d. spinous processes
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following is not a function of the thoracic
cage?
a. It serves as an attachment point for muscles
involved with respiration.
b. It protects the heart, lungs, thymus, and
liver.
c. It serves as an attachment site for muscles
involved with the position of the vertebral
column.
d. All of the above are functions of the thoracic
cage.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which bone of the skull forms most of the posterior
wall of the orbit?
a. ethmoid
b. inferior nasal conchae
c. palatine
d. sphenoid
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following does not accurately describe the
lambdoid suture?
a. It arches across the posterior surface of the
skull.
b. One or more sutural (Wormian) bones may
be found along this suture.
c. It separates the occipital bone from the
temporal bones.
d. none of the above
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The temporalis muscle inserts onto the mandible at
which location?
a. coronoid process
b. coracoid process
c. condylar process
d. ramus
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which vertebral region permits a relatively greater degree of
flexibility, through the interlocking vertebral bodies, than do
other regions?
a. C3–C7
b. C1–C7
c. T6–T12
d. T8–T10
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which bones of the skull form the middle cranial fossa?
a. sphenoid, ethmoid, and parietal
b. sphenoid, temporal, and parietal
c. temporal, ethmoid, and parietal
d. temporal, frontal, and parietal
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which are considered “true ribs,” because they attach
directly to the sternum?
a. ribs 1–7
b. ribs 1–8
c. ribs 1–9
d. ribs 1–10
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following does not accurately describe the
sternum?
a. The tongue-shaped body has individual
costal cartilages for rib pairs 2–7.
b. The muscular diaphragm and the external
oblique muscles plus the rectus abdominis
attach to the xiphoid process.
c. The jugular notch is the shallow indentation
on the superior surface of the manubrium,
located between the clavicular articulations.
d. none of the above
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following structures surrounds
articulations with teeth?
a. the palatal process of the maxillae
b. the orbital region of the maxillae
c. the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
d. the alveolar process of the maxillae
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Compression fractures or compression-dislocation
fractures after a hard fall most often involve which
vertebrae?
a. L1–L2
b. T12
c. L4–L5
d. a and b
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which facial bone bears an orbital process, which forms
a small portion of the posterior floor of the orbit?
a. palatine
b. maxilla
c. lacrimal
d. sphenoid
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which of the following is/are not considered to be bones
of the cranium?
a. sphenoid
b. ethmoid
c. inferior nasal conchae
d. temporal bone
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Which fontanel(s) is/are found at the junction(s)
between the squamous and coronal sutures?
a. anterior fontanel
b. posterior fontanel
c. sphenoidal fontanels
d. mastoid fontanels
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The inferior orbital fissures are foramina associated
with which bone?
a. frontal bone
b. maxillae
c. ethmoid
d. inferior nasal conchae
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings