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Transcript 
Abdomen
Figure 1.9
Abdominal Wall
• Surface Anatomy
• Muscular Wall and Hernias
Bony Landmarks around
Abdomen
•
•
•
•
Costal margin
Xiphoid process
Iliac crest
Anterior superior iliac
spine (ASIS)
• Pubic crest
• Inguinal ligament
Figure 7.27a
Four-quadrant pattern
•
•
•
•
Right upper
Left upper
Right lower
Left lower
Figure 1.12
Nine-region organizational pattern
Abdominal wall
• Skin
• Superficial fascia
– Fat tissue
– Cutaneous nerves
– Superficial vessels
• Deep fascia
• Muscles
Muscles of abdominal wall
• Rectus abdominusvertical midline
• Three layers- lateral
– External oblique (“handsin-pocket”)
– Internal oblique (fibers
perpendicular to external)
– Transverse abdominus
(wraps around)
Muscles of abdominal wall
Muscles of abdominal wall
Muscles of abdominal wall
Pregnancy Exercise:
Abdominal Exercises
•
•
•
•
diastasis recti
back pain
make labor and delivery easier
improves the way you look and feel during
pregnancy
http://www.progressiveparent.com/Pregnancy_postnatal_exercise/pregnancy-exercise-abs.htm
External oblique
Inguinal ligament and canal
Hernias
Hernias
Hernias
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis
Rectus sheath
Rectus sheath
Hernias
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