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Download Upper Arm, Elbow, and Forearm Conditions
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Upper Arm, Elbow, and Forearm Conditions Chapter 12 Anatomy • Bones – Humerus – Radius – Ulna • Joints – Humeroulnar – Humeroradial – Proximal Radioulnar • Ligaments • Muscles – 23 overlapping muscles provide stability Humeroulnar • Hinge joint • Articulation between the trochlea of the humerus articulates with the trochlear fossa of the ulna • Flexion and extension Humeroradial • Gliding joint • Spherical capitellum of the humerus and the proximal radius Proximal Radioulnar Joint • Pivot Joint • Head of the radius binded to the radial notch of the ulna by the annular ligament • Pronation and supination Ligaments of the Elbow • Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligament – Anterior – Posterior – Transverse • Lateral (Radial) Collateral Ligament – – – – Lateral Ulnar Collateral Radial Collateral Annular Accessory ligaments Bursae • Subcutaneous olecranon bursa – Between the olecranon and the skin surface Flexion • • • • • Brachialis (primary mover) Biceps Brachii Brachioradialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Extension • Triceps Brachii (primary mover) • Anconeus Pronation • Pronator Quadratus (primary mover) • Pronator Teres Supination • Supinator (primary Mover) • Biceps (when elbow is flexed) Contusions • • • • Contusions Olecranon Bursitis Acute and Chronic Bursitis Septic and Nonseptic Bursitis Sprains • Sprains • Anterior Capsulitis • Dislocations Strains • • • • Strains Flexor Strains Extensor Strains Compartment Syndrome Overuse Conditions • Medial Epicondylitis • Common Extensor Tendinitis (Lateral Epicondylitis) • Neural Entrapment Injuries Fractures • • • • Epiphyseal and Avulsion Fractures Stress Fractures Osteochondritis Dessicans Displaced and Undisplaced Fractures
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