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Planets
Sun
• Energy comes from
Nuclear Fusion: Hydrogen
atoms join together to
form Helium
• Three zones/layers of the
Sun:
1. Convection Zone
2. Radiation Zone
3. Core
• Features of the Sun
include:
1. Sunspots: areas of gas
that are cooler than
those around it
2. Prominences: huge
reddish loops of gas
3. Solar Flares: super
heated gas eruptions
4. Solar Wind: wind
from the corona as a
result of a solar flare
Mercury
• DISTANCE FROM THE SUN : About 36,000,000 miles
• DIAMETER : About 3,000 miles
• DAYS TO ORBIT AROUND THE SUN : 88 Earth days
• ROTATION ON ITS AXIS: 59 Earth days
• ATMOSPHERE : Almost non existent-trace amounts of
Hydrogen and Helium
• NUMBER OF MOONS: 0
• TEMPERATURE : 810° F, -279°F
*FASTEST ORBITING SPEED AROUND THE SUN: 30 mi./sec.
Venus
• DISTANCE FROM THE SUN: About 68,000,000 miles
• DIAMETER: About 7,500 miles
• DAYS TO ORBIT AROUND THE SUN: 224.7 Earth days
• ROTATION ON ITS AXIS: 243Earth days
• ATMOSPHERE: Carbon Dioxide; Sulfuric Acid cloudsobscure views of the surface
• NUMBER OF MOONS: 0
• TEMPERATURE: 867°F *hottest of any planet
Earth
• DISTANCE FROM THE SUN: About 93,000,000 miles
• DIAMETER: About 8,000 miles
• ORBIT THE SUN: 365.26 days
• ROTATION ON ITS AXIS: 23hr/56min.
• ATMOSPHERE: 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 1% Argon,
Carbon Dioxide and trace gases
• NUMBER OF MOONS: 1
• TEMPERATURE: -129°F to 136°F
Mars
• DISTANCE FROM THE SUN: About 142,000,000 miles
• Diameter: About 4,000 miles
• ORBIT THE SUN: 1.88 Earth years
• ROTATION ON ITS AXIS: 24hr, 37 min
• ATMOSPHERE: Primarily Carbon Dioxide
• MOONS: 2
• TEMPERATURE: 185° to 50 ° F
Jupiter
• DISTANCE FROM THE SUN: About 483,700,000 miles
• DIAMETER: About 89,000 miles
• ORBIT THE SUN IN EARTH YEARS: 11.86 years
• ROTATION ON ITS AXIS: 9 hrs, 51 minutes
• ATMOSPHERE: 90% Hydrogen and 10% Helium
• NUMBER OF MOONS: 60
• AVERAGE CLOUD TEMPERATURE: -186°F
Saturn
• DISTANCE FROM THE SUN: About 888,000,000 miles
• DIAMETER: About 75,000 miles
• ORBIT THE SUN IN EARTH YEARS: 29.42 Earth years
• ROTATION ON ITS AXIS: 10 hours, 39 minutes
• ATMOSPHERE: 97% Hydrogen and 3% Helium
• NUMBER OF MOONS: 33
• AVERAGE CLOUD TEMPERATURE: -193°F
Uranus
• DISTANCE FROM THE SUN: About 1,800,000,000 miles
• DIAMETER: About 32,000 miles
• ORBIT THE SUN IN EARTH YEARS: 83.75 Earth years
• ROTATION OF ITS AXIS: 17 hours, 14 minutes
• ATMOSPHERE: 83% Hydrogen, 15% Helium and
2% Methane
• NUMBER OF MOONS: 21
• AVERAGE CLOUD TEMPERATURE: 193°F
Neptune
• DISTANCE FROM THE SUN: About 2,800,000,000 miles
• DIAMETER: About 31,000 miles
• ORBIT THE SUN IN EARTH: 164 Earth Years
• ROTATION ON ITS AXIS: 16 hours, 7 minutes
• ATMOSPHERE: 74% Hydrogen, 25% Helium and
1% Methane
• NUMBER OF MOONS: 11
• AVERAGE CLOUD TEMPERATURE: -315°F
COMET
• COMET: meaning “long haired star” in Greek
• Loose collection of ice, dust and small rocky
particles and possibly a rocky core whose orbits
are usually very long, narrow ellipses
• Originates from: Kuiper belt and Oort cloud
Haley’s comet
1986
Meteors
• METEOROID: chunk of rock or dust in space;
come from comets or asteroids.
• METEOR: when a meteoroid enters the
Earth’s atmosphere
• METEORITE: meteoroid that passes through the
Earth’s atmosphere and hit Earth’s
surface