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Classical Mythology Dr. Fredricksmeyer Handout: Historical Background & Overview of the Gods Historical Background (all dates BCE) 2000-1400 1400-1200 1250 1600-1100 1100-1000 1100- Minoan Civilization/Crete Mycenean Civilization Trojan War Bronze Age Dorian Invasion Iron Age 1100-750 750-479 510 490-80 490 480 480 479-404 “Dark Ages” (of Greece) Archaic Period Cleisthenes/Athenian democracy Persian Wars: Greeks vs. Darius (490), Xerxes (480) Battle of Marathon Battle of Thermopylae/Leonidas Battle of Salamis Classical Greece Athenian navy vs. Spartan infantry (Peloponnesus) ca. 450-30 Pericles/Golden Age Parthenon Greek Tragedy, philosophy, etc. Peloponnesian War Athenian Plague Sicilian Expedition Athens surrenders 431-404 430 415 404 Olympic Pantheon Zeus (Jupiter) Hera (Juno) Poseidon (Neptune) Demeter (also Chthonic Deity) Athena (Minerva) Dionysus (Bacchus) Apollo Artemis (Diana) Aphrodite (Venus) Hermes (Mercury) Ares ((Mars) Hephaestus (Vulcan) Chthonic Divinities Hades (Pluto) Demeter (Ceres) Persephone (Proserpina)