Download CHAPTER 11: The Islamic World

HOLT
World History
CHAPTER 11
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Islamic World
Section 1: The Rise of Islam
Section 2: The Spread of Islam
Section 3: Islamic Civilization
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Rise of Islam
Objectives:
 Describe how geography affected the people of the
Arabian Peninsula.
 Explain how Islam began.
 Identify the main beliefs of Islam.
2
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Rise of Islam
Arabia: Its Geography and People
 Mainly desert surrounded by Arabian Sea, Persian
Gulf, and Red Sea
3
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Rise of Islam
The Prophet Muhammad
 Vision and revelations
 Hijrah – journey from Mecca to Yathrib
4
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 1:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Rise of Islam
The Faith of Islam
 One God – submission to the will of God
 Five Pillars of Islam
 Jihad – struggle to defend the faith
5
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Spread of Islam
Objectives:
 Explore how the Muslims expanded their empire.
 Explain why the Islamic community divided.
6
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Spread of Islam
Expansion Under Abū Bakr and ‘Umar
 Abū Bakr – Muhammad’s successor
 ‘Umar succeeded Abū Bakr – conquered
neighboring non-Muslim lands
7
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Spread of Islam
The Islamic Community Divides
 Disagreements about who should be caliphs
8
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 2:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
The Spread of Islam
The Empire Continues to Spread
 The Moors – Muslims in Spain
 The Turks and Islam – conquered Syria,
Mesopotamia, and much of Asia Minor
9
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Islamic Civilization
Objectives:
 Describe how the location of Arabia affected
trade in the Muslim Empire.
 Explain what Muslim society and family life
were like.
 Identify Muslim achievements in science.
 Explore how Islam influenced Arab art and
literature.
10
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Islamic Civilization
A Culture of Traders
 At center of world trade network that linked
Europe, Asia, and Africa
11
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Islamic Civilization
Government and Society
 Qur’an governed religious life and daily life
 Slavery was common
 Muslim women enjoyed more freedoms than most
other women
 Polygamy was common
12
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Islamic Civilization
The Sciences
 Medicine – studied pharmaceutical drugs and
dissection
 Geography – astronomy, navigation, maps,
astrolabe
 Mathematics – Arabic number system, decimals
13
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
World History
Section 3:
THE HUMAN JOURNEY
Islamic Civilization
The Arts
 Calligraphy, architecture, geometric and floral
patterns
 The Thousand and One Nights – collection of
folktales including “Sinbad the Sailor,” “Aladdin,”
and “Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves”
14
HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON