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What is Addiction? • Addiction is a chronic relapsing condition characterized by ____________ drug seeking and abuse, ________________________________ ______________________ • Addiction is a brain ________ • Sustained drug abuse leads to changes in both the structure and function of the brain Neurons Talking The end result: Cravings • Our brains are wired to pursue natural rewards (food, love, sex) • Drug use begins to ________ these same circuits • This activation causes our brain to ________ __________ • These cravings become even stronger than those for food and love. The Pre-frontal Cortex • • • • Located in the _______________ Allows us to weigh __________________ Referred to as “The Seat of Sober Thought” Pre-Frontal Cortex still developing in teenagers “What are the implications of this information?” How Addiction is Diagnosed • For a person to be diagnosed as an addict at least 3 of the following symptoms must be present: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Symptoms of tolerance _____________________ Use of substance in large amounts or for __________________ The desire or attempt to reduce or control use ________________________________________________ A reduction in social, recreational or occupational activities because of drug use Continued use despite of ____________________________ 7. Risk Factors for Addiction • Having parents or immediate family members who are/were addicted to drugs or alcohol • ___________________________ • Other mental disorders • Experiencing trauma, such as physical or sexual abuse • Stressful life events • _________________ • Exposure to drugs, or being pressured to use them • ______________________________________ Myths About Addiction • Addicts are bad, crazy or stupid • __________________ __________ • Addicts need to be punished for using drugs, not treated. • ___________________ ____________________ ________________ • Addiction cannot be treated with medication • ___________________ _________ • Since addicts can stop using drugs by attending meetings, addiction cannot be a brain disease Routes of Administration • Oral Administration • Injection • Inhalation • Absorption Discussion Questions • How does the route of administration affect the addictive properties of the substance ? • Can the route of administration affect the risks of using the drug?