Download Lab 145-5

Lab Exercise # 5
Zoo- 145
Lab Exercise # 5
Zoo- 145
HISTOLOGY is the branch of Biology that studies
the microscopic structure of the tissues, organs
and systems under the microscope
Type of Tissues
Epithelial
Tissue
Muscular
Tissue
Skeletal
Muscle
Cardiac
Muscle
Nervous
Tissue
Connective
tissue
Spinal Cord
Hyaline Cartilage
*Blood Vessels: Arteries and Veins
Neuron
Lab Exercise # 5
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The Muscular Tissue
Striated Muscle
Skeletal muscle
 Skeletal muscle is made up of individual components known as muscle fibers.
 Each muscle fiber is formed of still finer fibers, myofibrils.
 The identifying features of these muscles are random distribution of nuclei among the
muscle fibers.
 The fibers are also transversely marked with lines or striations, dark and light bands.
 Each muscle fiber is encased in a membrane, myolemma.
Lab Exercise # 5
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Nucleus
Intercalated Disc
Cardiac muscle
• Muscle fibers form the unit of cardiac muscle like striated muscle.
• Cardiac Muscle have all structures like that of striated muscles except the nucleus are
very well arranged and equally distributed one in each muscle fiber.
• Cardiac muscle fiber is jointed and each joint form a deep impression which is
generally called Intercalated Disc.
Lab Exercise # 5
Zoo- 145
Lab Exercise # 5
Zoo- 145
The Connective Tissue
Hyaline Cartilage
• Hyaline cartilage is covered externally by a fibrous membrane, called the
perichondrium.
• The chondrocytes cells are round or oval in shape and are located in group of two or
four in each cavity, Lacunae.
• It contains lots of empty spaces in between the cells. The matter that support the cells
and cavities is thick and is called the matrix.
Lab Exercise # 5
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The Nervous Tissue
Neurons
Nucleus
Dendrites
• These are unit of Nervous Tissue and are specialized in function and shape.
• The neurons or the nerve cells are star shaped bodies with few microns in diameter.
• The sharp protrusions of these cells are named as dendrites and the number of such
spine like extensions varies from 5 to 7.
• Centrally, the star shaped mass is loaded with a small nucleus and cytoplasm around
the nucleus
Lab Exercise # 5
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The Nervous Tissue
Spinal Cord
•The Spinal cord is cylindrical structure present inside the vertebral column.
•It is a bilobed tube and its dividing line toward dorsal side is called the dorsal fissure and the invaginating
line toward ventral plane is called ventral fissure.
•The depressed area on both planes is called the dorsal commissure toward dorsal side and ventral
commissiure toward ventral side.
•The central area is full of nerve cells and is named as grey matter which is perforated with a hole, central
canal.
•The area surrounding grey matter is called duramatter and the outer most covering of the spinal cord is
termed as piamatter.
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The Nervous Tissue
Spinal Cord
Lab Exercise # 5
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Arteries and Veins
Vein
Artery
•
•
•
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The basic structure of the artery is composed of three layers of different kinds of tissues:
outer most layer is composed of connective tissue and is called tunica adventitia.
the median layer is formed of unstriated muscles and is termed tunica media.
the inner most layer is formed of epithelial tissue and is termed as tunica intima.
•
The veins also contain three different layers of different tissue like arteries viz, Tunica
Adventitia, Tunica Media and Tunica Intima.
The difference lies only in the thickness of these three layers. As a fact, the veins are thin
walled vessels comparatively due to the thin muscular layer
•
Lab Exercise # 5
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Any of the impulse-conducting cells that constitute the brain, spinal
column, and nerves, consisting of a nucleated cell body with one or more
dendrites and a single axon, called nerve cell.