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Cortex Primary motor Basal nuclei: Caudate nucleus Globus pallidus FORE Descending Reticular Formation O PYRAMIDS - Vestibular nucleus N Thalamus MID Pontine RF Pontine nuclei Tectum Red nucleus Olivary nucleus Cerebellum Medullary RF Ipsilateral LMNs - - Contralateral LMNs 2012 Martin Cake / Murdoch University. Shared under Creative Commons Licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) for the OVAM (Online Veterinary Anatomy Museum) project Extensor activation Spinocerebellar tracts + Rubrospinal tract +- Reticulospinal tracts Corticospinal tract ++ Vestibulospinal tract HIND Postural phase Protraction phase + Anti-gravity extensors - Flexors + Flexors - Extensors Vestibulospinal UMN ‘Central Pattern Generator’ Interneurons LMN Spinal reflex arcs alpha neurons gamma neurons (muscle spindle) (fusimotor) MUSCLE CONTRACTION 2012 Martin Cake / Murdoch University. Shared under Creative Commons Licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) for the OVAM (Online Veterinary Anatomy Museum) project
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