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Hermann Göring
Before the party
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Göring was born in
Bavaria. His father was
a member of the
colonial service in
Africa.
Göring was somewhat
obsessed with military
and enjoyed wearing
unifroms even when he
was only 14 years old.
Goering found fame in World War One as a fighter ace. He won numerous awards for
bravery and was the last commander of the legendary Richthofen Fighter Squadron. By
the end of the war, he could claim to have some degree of fame in Germany.
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After the war ended, he studied at Munich
University between 1920 and 1921. Disillusioned
with Weimar’s politicians and their supposed
weakness, he joined the Nazi Party in October
1922. Goering was wounded in the Beer Hall
Putsch.
He suffered from a lifelong addiction to morphine
after being treated with the drug for his injuries.
The Crown Prince invested Göring with the Iron
Cross, first class.
Göring was made commander of the famed
"Flying Circus", Jagdgeschwader 1.
Göring remained in aviation after the war.
„Iron Knight“ after joining the party
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After joining the NSDAP
in 1922, Göring became a
leader of the SA – the
“stormtroopers”, a.k.a.
“brownshirts”. Since then,
he has also been an
advisor and political
deputy of Adolf Hitler
himself. Göring’s political
efforts eventually brought
party to power in 1933.
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Was the original
establisher of the
Gestapo and first
concentration camps,
later handed over to
Himmler in 1934.
Same year Göring
leaded the “purge”
against Rohm and the
SA.
Given bigger power...
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In 1936 he became in
charge of
implementation of the
Four Year Plan and
virtually became
Germany’s economic
dictator.
Into the war – Luftwaffe Leader
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In 1938 Göring became
the Field Marshall of the
Luftwaffe (Wehrmacht
Airforces), later on the
19th of June 1940 he was
declared a
Reichsmarschall
(commander-in-chief) of
Luftwaffe by Hitler.
Hence, Göring became
Adolf’s successor in this
role.
Marshall Failure
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Soon after the outbreak of the war, as a new leader of German airforce,
Göring leaded his pilots into the gamble of the Battle of Britain. He
decided to use mass night bombing of the enemy cities. This was his fatal
tactical mistake, for the reason many RAF fighters, by the night-time,
were refueled, repaired, rearmed and ready to take off right as the alarms
sound. Göring also was a poor strategist, because he still believed
dogfighting was no different from what was in World War I. This meant
that the only way of fighting he taught his pilots was ramming enemy
aircraft to die with blazing guns. Failure of the Luftwaffe in the Battle was
never forgiven by Hitler.
By 1943, after failures of the Luftwaffe in Stalingrad and other battles
over the Soviet Union, Göring became only a shadow of former self. He
was blamed for most of Germany’s defeats by Hitler, stayed away from
commanding and was haunted with flashbacks of his heroic past. There is
no real proof of this, but some of the Nazis witnessed, that Göring either
drank a lot, or took drugs.
Arrested, first by Nazis, then by
Allies
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In last days of war, May, 1945, Göring made
his last mistake. He left for Bavaria, fleeing
from advancing Russian army. By that time it
was clear that Hitler’s bunker will be soon
taken over by Soviets. Fuhrer declared, that
he’d stay in Berlin until the end. Göring
misinterpreted this and, confident of being
Hitler’s successor, asked if he could take over
as new Nazi leader of dying Germany. He was
arrested immediately.
During Nuremberg trials Göring proved to be a
strong speaker. He defended himself and other
fellow Nazis with fury and strong words. He
was the leader of the Defendants, sure of
becoming a German martyr. Nevertheless, he
failed to convince the judges and was
sentenced to hanging. Göring was found dead
on the day of execution in his cell. Turned out
he poisoned himself with a capsule of cyanide
he managed to hide.
Bibliography
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“Holocaust Research Project” – “Hermann Göring. The Iron
Knight.”
“Jewish Virtual Library” – “Hermann Goering”