Download How were Jewish people treated during WWII? B aim – to

How were Jewish people treated during WWII?
B aim – to explain how events in WWII impacted the treatment of Jewish people and whether
their increasingly poor treatment was planned or improvised
A/A* aim - to explain how events in WWII impacted the treatment of Jewish people, whether
their increasingly poor treatment was planned or improvised and what this suggests about blame
for the Holocaust
• Write 4 bullet points explaining how Jews
were treated over time from 1933 to 1939.
Make sure each one is steadily worse.
• Get your testimony out you that you did for
homework
– Did this person experience any differences in their
treatment once WWII had started?
1939
1945
Add these events to your timeline.
Invasion of Poland 1 September 1939
Start WWII – 3rd September Britain and France declare
war on Germany
17th Sep 1939 – USSR invaded Poland
Invasion of Russia and advances being made – June 1941
Get stuck in Russia – Stalingrad – August 1942 to February
1943
America announces will be involved in WWII - Dec 1941
1. Holocaust was planned
2.
3.
Early actions – write down 3
general trend
• 1939 and 1940
– War broke out September 1939
• 1/09/39 – curfew for all Jews
• 21/09/39 – Jews to be concentrated at railway junctions and radio
sets confiscated from Jews
• 1939 – got Poland and deported Jews from German occupied
Poland
• 1940 – ration books stamped with a J so that they couldn’t get
some materials – e.g. Leather
• 1941 – Star of David badge
• 1941 – aggressively tried to get Jews out of Berlin by explicitly
saying ‘annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe’ in propaganda.
• 1942 – Jews could no longer receive Reich sports medal
• 1943 – German Jews lost citizenship
• Ghettoisation
– Jan 1940 Jews used for slave labour and confined
in ghettos in Lodz, Warsaw, Lublin, Radom and
Lvov. Months later the Warsaw ghetto was sealed
off.
• In response to the pressure from greater numbers of
Jews living in Poland – they can’t make them all
emigrate so they move them into ghettos.
– The Pianist – 15 mins 30s
• Deportation – add each example with a reason why
the Nazis chose to do it
– ‘Final solution’ was territorial
• 1939 – Polish Jews deported because there was pressure from
greater number of Jews in Poland
• 1940 Heydrich suggested moving 3.25 million Jews to Madagascar,
Hitler like it and mentioned it to Mussolini, likely they would die en
route or here. Didn’t take into account Britain may defeat
Germany at sea. Because there was pressure from controlling
more Jews.
• Hoped after 1941 Russia invasion could relocate to other side of
the Urals . Because their Madagascar plan has been ruined as
Britain controls the seas. Also controlled lots of more Russian
and Orthadox Jews.
• 1942 – deport on a much greater scale to West Poland to
Warthegau as Stalin had deported 600,000 ethnic Germans to
Siberia with 400,000 to follow, US had announced they would
shoot on sight any German waships, Gauleiters were each trying to
deport out of their area which then just built pressure on other
Gauleiters. They intended to deport Jews further East when they
could
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lcz3QvJOytQ&safe=active
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qq5G_IZB0b8&safe=active
• Death squads and early gassing
– When they invaded Russia in early 1941 came into contact with Orthadox
Jews. SS Einsatzgruppen (Mobile Killing Units) was authorised by Hitler to
exterminate Jews in Eastern Europe and Russia – in 8 months 700,000 had
been murdered. They were under the direction of Himmler. They killed Jews,
Gypsies, Polish intelligentsia and Soviet political commisars. Some were
involved in T4. It was made up of 4 units. They would follow the advancing
armies and once land had been conquered this squad would shoot all the Jews
who lived there. Often thought that they were young impressionable men, but
research in the 1990s of one unit shows they were all in their 40s and fully
aware of their actions and did it of their own free will – people did leave the
squads if they wished to without fear of being killed – they could be moved to
another unit.
– Begins slowly 1941, accelerates in 1942 - Once Jews were deported to
Warthegau this seemed to heighten anti-Semitism. Camps began to be made –
but they were holding camps and work camps at this stage – later they would
be changed. Gauleiter and other local leaders got harsher. Police Chief
Globocnik ordered construction of gassing facilities for killings Jews incapable
of work. In Lodz Jews shot and gassed in vans. In Warthegau started killing
Jews in gas vans.
– Muller announced no Jew could emigrate 1942
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=keAK_Uzm6po&safe=active
What problems did Hitler face with
solving the ‘Jewish problem’?
• Can’t deport East as can’t win in Russia – have to
do something else
• Shooting Jews unrealistic for the millions
remaining in Russia
• Britain controlled the seas so couldn’t deport
them overseas (Madagascar plan)
• Could use as hostages for dealings with the USA?
• December 1941 – America declared war. Shortly
after Hitler announced that Jews would be
‘exterminated as partisans’
How could he deal with these
problems?
How were Jewish people treated during WWII?
B aim – to explain how events in WWII impacted the treatment of Jewish people and whether
their increasingly poor treatment was planned or improvised
A/A* aim - to explain how events in WWII impacted the treatment of Jewish people, whether
their increasingly poor treatment was planned or improvised and what this suggests about blame
for the Holocaust
• Why did Hitler decide to set up concentration
camps?
• List the events of WWII which had an impact
on how Jews were treated and explain the
impact it had.
• Was the increasingly poor treatment of Jews planned
or improvised?
• Using the evidence of events prior to the Holocaust,
who does it appear was to blame for the Holocaust?
Homework – Due Thursday
• Research the Wannsee Conference and write a
description of what it was
• Use the index and contents of the pink and
red books and prepare the following
– The Final Solution was planned from the outset –
kausar, reginald, deborah
– The Final Solution was improvised – agonita,
charis, whelan
• Write a list of who was to blame for the
Holocaust with evidence next to each part