Download Chapter 18 Review Answer Key

Chapter 18 Review Answer Key
1. Climate is the average, year after year conditions of temperature,
precipitation, winds, and clouds in an area.
2. The main factors that influence temperature are latitude, altitude, distance
from large bodies of water, and ocean currents.
3. Tropical Zone-Warm Climate
Temperate Zone-warm or hot summers, cool or cold winters
Polar Zone- cold climates
4. Marine Climates-closer to ocean currents-mild winters cool summers
Continental climates-further from ocean currents-cold winters, warm or
hot summers
5. Oceans moderate the temperatures of nearby land. Ocean currents may
also warm or cool the air above them, affecting the temperatures of nearby
land when the air moves over it.
6. The factors that affect precipitation are prevailing winds, the presence of
mountains, and seasonal winds.
7. Windward-windy side lots of precipitation, leeward-little precipitation
8. Sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the
seasons.
9. The tilt of the Earth’s axis.
10. Temperature and precipitation
11.Tropical Rainy-Tropical Wet-rain all year round-Rain forests, Tropical Wet
and Dry- periods of wet and dry. Warm all year round
Dry Climates- Arid-deserts-little rain and both hot and cold, Semiaridsteppe, gets rainfall for short grasses and bushes to grow.
Temperate Marine Climates
Marine West Coast-Mild rainy winters and varied precipitation in the
summer
Mediterranean-much drier and warmer than Marine West Coast
Humid Subtropical- wet and warm all year long
Temperate Continental Climates
Humid Continental-warm or hot summers, cool or cold winters
Subarctic-short , cool summers and long cold winters
Polar Climates
Ice Cap-cold with snow and ice cover
Tundra-short cool summers and bitterly cold winters-permafrostpermanently frozen ground.
Highlands
Colder than the regions that surround them
12. Pollen and Tree Rings
13. A lot of water was stored in the ice on land.
14.Earth’s position, solar energy, volcanic activity
15.Land on Earth that was a single continent
16.El Nino-brings heavy rains and droughts, La Nina-colder than normal
winters and greater hurricane activity
17. The gradual increase in the temperature of Earth’s atmosphere
18.Gases in the atmosphere that trap heat.
19.Rising sea levels, stronger hurricanes, melting glaciers
20.Chlorofluorocarbons that destroy the ozone layer.