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Transcript 
CHAP 15 – THE THEORY OF
EVOLUTION
•
•
•
•
•
CHARLES DARWIN
EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION
MECHANISMS FOR EVOLUTION
NATURAL SELECTION
SPECIATION
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
CHAP 15 – THE THEORY OF
EVOLUTION
•
•
•
•
•
CHARLES DARWIN
EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION
MECHANISMS FOR EVOLUTION
NATURAL SELECTION
SPECIATION
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
CHARLES DARWIN – 1809-1882
• ENGLISH
• TRAVELED AROUND THE WORLD ON THE
BEAGLE – FAMOUS IN THE GALAPAGOS
ISLANDS
• OBSERVED MANY SPECIES AND FOSSILS
• WHY DID SOME SPECIES SURVIVE WHILE
OTHERS BECAME EXTINCT?
• NATURAL SELECTION
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
www.darwinday.org/englishL/life/beagle.html
www.darwinday.org/englishL/life/beagle.ht
Used by permission of Darwin Day
Celebration (at DarwinDay.org), 2006
I have called this principle, by which
each slight variation, if useful, is preserved,
by the term Natural Selection.
—Charles Darwin from "The Origin of Species"
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
CHAP 15 – THE THEORY OF
EVOLUTION
•
•
•
•
•
CHARLES DARWIN
EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION
MECHANISMS FOR EVOLUTION
NATURAL SELECTION
SPECIATION
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
• STRUCTURAL ADAPTATIONS
– MIMICRY
– CAMOUFLAGE
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
http://science.howstuffworks.com/animal-camouflage2.htm
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
• STRUCTURAL ADAPTATIONS
– MIMICRY
– CAMOUFLAGE
– MILLIONS OF YEARS
• PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS
– CHANGE IN A METABOLIC PROCESS
– WHAT DO YOU HEAR ABOUT IN THE NEWS
ABOUT SOME BACTERIA?
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
WHAT OTHER INDUSTRIES WOULD BE WORRIED ABOUT
RESISTANCE?
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
OTHER EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
• FOSSILS
• ANATOMY
– HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
OTHER EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
• FOSSILS
• ANATOMY
– HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
– ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
OTHER EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
• FOSSILS
• ANATOMY
– HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
– ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES
– VESTIGIAL STRUCTURE
– EMBRYOS
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
WHAT IS ANOTHER EXAMPLE
OF VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES?
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
OTHER EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
• FOSSILS
• ANATOMY
– HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
– ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES
– VESTIGIAL STRUCTURE
– EMBRYOS
• BIOCHEMISTRY
– WHAT 2 THINGS?
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
CHAP 15 – THE THEORY OF
EVOLUTION
•
•
•
•
•
CHARLES DARWIN
EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION
MECHANISMS FOR EVOLUTION
NATURAL SELECTION
SPECIATION
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
MECHANISMS FOR EVOLUTION
• DO POPULATIONS OR INDIVIDUALS EVOLVE?
• WHAT IS A GENE POOL
• HOW CAN THE GENE POOL CHANGE?
– MUTATION
– GENETIC DRIFT
– GENE FLOW
• WOULD THESE THINGS EFFECT A LARGE POPULATION
OR A SMALL POPULATION MORE?
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
ALL IMAGES: http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
CHAP 15 – THE THEORY OF
EVOLUTION
•
•
•
•
•
CHARLES DARWIN
EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION
MECHANISMS FOR EVOLUTION
NATURAL SELECTION
SPECIATION
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
WHAT IS NATURAL SELECTION?
NOW IT’S YOUR TURN –
DRAW STABILIZING,
DIRECTIONAL AND
DISRUPTIVE SELECTION
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
CHAP 15 – THE THEORY OF
EVOLUTION
•
•
•
•
•
CHARLES DARWIN
EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION
MECHANISMS FOR EVOLUTION
NATURAL SELECTION
SPECIATION
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
WHAT IS SPECIATION?
• GEOGRAPHIC ISOLATION
• REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
WHAT IS SPECIATION?
•
•
•
•
GEOGRAPHIC ISOLATION
REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION
GRADUALISM
PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
WHAT IS SPECIATION?
•
•
•
•
•
GEOGRAPHIC ISOLATION
REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION
GRADUALISM
PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM
DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
– ADAPTIVE RADIATION
• CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
ADAPTIVE RADIATION – AN EXAMPLE
OF DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
http://www.vanderbilt.edu/AnS/english/Clayton/Galapago_finches.gif
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION – WHAT IS AN
EXAMPLE?
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
REFERENCES
• Biology: The Dynamics of Life; Glencoe 2004
•
•
•
•
•
•
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/evolution/index.html
http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEPC/WWC/1995/
http://www.darwinday.org/englishL/life/beagle.html
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/index.html
DR. LUE, LIFE SCIENCE-HHMI OUTREACH PPT.
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
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