Download 3rd Nine Weeks Test Review

3rd Nine Weeks Test Review
Lamarck was an early
scientist who studied the
development of
characteristics in organisms
over time. What best
describes his views on how
organisms change over
time?
What is the definition of a
species?
What do the following have in
common?
What is a gene pool?
• Giant fossil ferns have been found in
Canada. Which conclusion can be
drawn from this discovery? Think
about climate
According to the diagram, during
the last 40 million years, the
structure of the horse’s foot has —
Which of these is a common
adaptation for mammals in aquatic
environments?
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Keen eyesight
Streamline body
Sharp teeth
Long fur
The picture shows a segment of
DNA from a cat. Which of these
is most likely the kitten of this
cat?
Which characteristic of
prokaryotic organisms makes
them different from eukaryotes?
1. Prokaryotic cells do not
have membrane-bound
organelles.
2. Prokaryotes do not have
chromosomes.
3. Prokaryotes are made of
cells.
4. Prokaryotes have DNA.
• A key concept in the modern theory of
evolution explains
• This chart compares the base sequences of
homologous segments of DNA from three
primates. Based on this information, how
many differences in the resulting amino acid
sequences would you expect to find
between humans and chimpanzees?
Which is the best model of a
prokaryotic cell?
• DNA that is derived from the DNA of
two or more different species is called
Which type of Drosophila has
changed the least over time?
Some unicellular organisms are
motile (have the ability to move)
and some are nonmotile. Which
cellular structures are associated
with movement?
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A Ribosomes
B Flagella
C Chloroplasts
D Vacuoles
• What structure is common to all five
kingdoms of living organisms?
Over many generations,
unrelated or distantly related
species may come to resemble
each other due to —
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A similar environmental factors
B similar genetic mutations
C homologous structural adaptations
D competition with each other
A student hypothesizes that thick leg muscles
are an inherited trait in dogs.
The student collects data on several dogs, and
the data show that dogs that live outdoors
have thicker leg muscles than dogs that live
indoors. What should the student conclude?
• A Dogs that inherit thick leg muscles may not
survive indoors.
• B Dogs with thick leg muscles may require more
exercise than dogs with thin leg muscles.
• C Inheritance alone may not account for thick leg
muscles in dogs.
• D Inheritance of thick leg muscles may be
associated with coat thickness in dogs.
What is kind of structures are
shown? Think about the appendix
• A man treated his home with a pesticide
that kills roaches. The first application of
the pesticide killed 92% of the roaches.
Two months later he applied the pesticide
to his home again, but the second
application killed only 65% of the roaches.
What would best explain the decrease in
the effectiveness of the pesticide?
• One theory of the extinction of dinosaur
species is that a large meteorite impact on
Earth caused a major atmospheric change
marked by colder temperatures. If this theory
is correct, what adaptation of mammals
probably allowed them to survive even
though dinosaurs became extinct?
A Superior low-light vision
B Consumption of an omnivorous diet
C Ability to bear live young
D Endothermic body metabolism
Give an example of artificial
selection.
The 14 different species of finches in the
Galapagos Islands originated from a
single ancestral species. What is it about
these islands that are responsible for the
diversity of finch species?
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A The islands are made of volcanic peaks.
B Each island has different food sources.
C Each island has a different climate.
D The islands are clustered near each
All the organisms shown above belong to
the Phylum Chordata. The structural
similarity in the organisms suggests that
—
According to some scientists, what
resulted from the environmental
conditions existing on primitive Earth
illustrated below?
Which scientist is correctly
paired with his area of research?
• A August Weismann — common ancestry
of species
• B Jean Lamarck — origin of life on Earth
• C Stanley Miller — survival of the fittest
• D Charles Darwin — natural selection
Geographic and reproductive
isolation are most closely
associated with
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A speciation
B overproduction
C extinction
D competition
The term “evolution” is best
described as
• A a process of change in a population
through time
• B a process by which organisms become
extinct
• C the reproductive isolation of members of
certain species
• D the replacement of one community by
another
Which pair of structures is
homologous?
• A wing of an insect and wing of a bird
• B tentacle of a hydra and flipper of a
whale
• C front leg of an insect and bones in the
leg of a human
• D bones in the front leg of a dog and
bones in the wing of a bat
Fossil records indicate that between 80 million
and 60 million years ago the structure of the
horned dinosaur frequently underwent rapid
changes separated by long periods of stability.
This pattern of change best illustrates the
concept of
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A use and disuse
B punctuated equilibrium
C gradualism
D enzyme specificity
Modern evolutionary theory consists
of the concepts of Darwin modified
by knowledge concerning:
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A. overpopulation
B the genetic basis of variation
C. survival of the fittest
D. competition
Lamarck was an early scientist who studied
the development of characteristics in
organisms over time. Which of the
following choices best describes his views
on how organisms change over time?
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A Theory of acquired characteristics _
B Law of independent assortment
C Theory of artificial selection
D Theory of relative fossil-dating
This chart shows vertebrate embryo
development. Which of these would
be least related to the others?
Which of the following
organelles is present in both
prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
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A Nucleus
B Ribosome _
C Golgi body
D Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the purpose of the
flagellum?
Which of these is capable of
moving quickly?