Download Classification and Evolution

Classification and
Evolution
Taxonomy/Classification
• Domain
General
• Kingdom (Kids)
• Phylum (Playing)
• Class (Catch)
• Order (On)
• Family (Freeways)
• Genus (Get)
• Species (Squished)
Very
Very Specific
Binomial nomenclature
•
•
•
•
“Scientific Name”
Latin (Dead language/never change)
Universal
Based on Genus (1st /capitalized) and
Species (2nd /small case)
• Ex: Homo sapiens (italic or underlined)
• Common name can change with
different locations
• Species: individuals
of the same kind
that can interbreed
and produce fertile
offspring.
• Subspecies:
Geographically
isolated populations
of the same species.
Hybrid
• Product of 2 closely related species;
often sterile.
Wolphin
Liger
Zorse
Zony
Vocabulary
• Prokaryote: Primitive cells with no
membrane bound organelles.
• Eukaryote: Complex cells membrane
bound organelle.
• Autotroph: An organism that
manufactures its own organic matter by
using energy from the sun.
• Heterotroph: An organism that obtains
energy from organic matter.
Kingdom Monera
• Bacteria and blue green algae
• Prokaryotic cell (no true nucleus)
• Heterotrophic & Autotrophic
– Decay bacteria: heterotrophic
– Cyanobacteria: photosynthetic
– Bacteria: chemosynthetic
Cyanobacteria
Chemosynthetic Bacteria
Kingdom Protista
• Eukaryotic, single celled
– Diatoms and dinoflagellates:
photosynthetic
– Protozoa: heterotrophic
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
Protozoa
Kingdom Plantae
• Eukaryotic, multicellular,
photosynthetic
• Flowering plants: marine grass &
Mangroves
• Macroalgae: Seaweeds
Eel Grass
Sea Lettuce
Kingdom Fungi
• Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic,
absorbs nutrients.
– Slime molds, mushrooms
Marine Fungi
Kingdom Animalia
• Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic,
ingests food.
– Whales, dolphins and fish
Homologous structures
• Similar structures in different
organisms that develop in the same
way.
– human arm vs. whale flipper vs. bat wing
Analogous structures
• Structures in different organisms that
have similar functions but develop in
different ways.
– Insect wing vs. bird wing
More Vocabulary
• Natural Selection: the best-adapted
individuals will produce more offspring
and pass those favorable
characteristics on to those offspring.
• Evolution: Genetic change over time,
that results from natural selection.