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Proposal of new optic
elements
G. Chadzitaskos
Department of Physics, FNSPE,
Czech Technical University in
Prague
Stará Lesná 2012
Overview
 Two
diffraction grating
 Parabolic strip telescope
 Objective for X ray microscopy
 CNOT on polarizated states of light
 Objective for X ray telescope
Two diffraction systém
(Wikipedia)
Two diffraction system
.
The light from monochromatic light source 1 is divided into two
channels 3, by a 1:1 beam splitter 2, and is brought into the twodiffraction gratings 5. Two-diffraction grating generally consists of a
large number of equally spaced slits, which allows connection of one
channel with odd slits and the other channel with even slits 4. Then
spots 7 – interference maxima – appear on the screen 6.
Maxima
case 1 :
case 2:
 k 
sin  k   
 2d 
 k 
sin  k   
 d 
  a
  n a  b 

 sin  sin   sin 
sin   


 


I  ( )  I 0
 a

 a  b 


sin 
sin 
sin   




 

2
Intensities
  a

 n a  b 

 sin  sin   sin 
sin   







I ( )  pI 0
 a

 a  b 


sin 
sin 
sin   


 
 

2
  a

 n 2a  b 

 sin  sin   sin 
sin   





 1  p I 0  
 a

 2a  b 


sin 
sin 
sin   




 

2
Exploitation
• Measurement of coincident part of light
• Measurement of cross sections of interaction
light and electrons (two slit experiment)
CNOT ON POLARIZATED STATES OF
COHERENT LIGHT
Optical activity of molecules with magnetic dipole
(C.Denz,Electro-optic composite polymers, Munster)
Linear dependence on electric field
np 2
P 
EC
2kT
Exploitation
• Quantum optics
PARABOLIC STRIP TELESCOPE
Principle
Rotation around y axis and Radon inverse
transform
Used experimental plexiglass telescope objectives
Artifitial constelations
Image procesing






From camera RGB uint8
Select central part, make
matrices 600 x 600x 3 and
rotate, single precision
12th root of real matrices
Point multiplication of 0
and 90 degree matrices
Point multiplication,
optimalization
Uint8 and image
Images of artificial star constellation
Original images at 0, 45, 90, and 135 degree
After MATLAB calculation
Image procesing
Advantages
\
•
•
•
•
•
•
good angular resolution
low expenses
simple technological development
simple exploitation of adaptive optics
possibility to install a net of large telescopes over the Earth
lower weight for use on satellites
Proposal: Over Earth net of telescopes (30 degrees)
•
•
•
high mounting not necessary
low wind influence
low gravitational influence
Objective for X ray microscopy
Fresnel zone plates, polycapillar optics, Goebel mirrors,
biconcave refractive optics.
New: Spatial grating – Bragg’s and interference conditions
Example
n  2d sin 
R
sin  
R2  s2
.


F
S  
E  n

 2 Rd 0


1


2
2
R  s 1

 n
F   S 0 E
 2 R0 d 0
R0
2

 s  1

2
X ray telescope
Wolter
Lobster eye objective
Kirkpatrick-Baez
New X-ray telescope
Bragg’s condition
d
n
x2  p2
2p
1  n
T ( x)  T ( xmin )  
  2 pd 0
d  d 0 (1  T )

x  p  1

2
2
2
2
xmax
4d max
 n 2 2

2
xmin
4d 02  n 2 2
Děkuji za pozornost
 Pro
destičku germaniového monokrystalu a
teploty mezi 250 a 1000 K je pro vlnovou
délku 0.5 nm hodnota například pro xmin =
10 cm bude xmax = 10,8 cm.