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Review
Review
• Variables - Catigorical v.s. Quantitative
Review
• Variables - Catigorical v.s. Quantitative
• Graphs for distributional information: Pie chart, Bar graph,
Histogram, Stemplot, Timeplot, Boxplot
Review
• Variables - Catigorical v.s. Quantitative
• Graphs for distributional information: Pie chart, Bar graph,
Histogram, Stemplot, Timeplot, Boxplot
• Overall pattern of the graph: Symetric/Skewed, Center,
Spread, Outlier, Trend
• Measure of center: Mean/Median
• Measure of center: Mean/Median
• Measure of variability: Quartiles (Q1 , Q2 , Q3 ), Range, IQR,
1.5×IQR rule, Outlier, Variance, Standard deviation
• Measure of center: Mean/Median
• Measure of variability: Quartiles (Q1 , Q2 , Q3 ), Range, IQR,
1.5×IQR rule, Outlier, Variance, Standard deviation
• Five-number summary, Boxplot
• Density curve
• Density curve
• Normal distributions / Normal curves
• Density curve
• Normal distributions / Normal curves
• z-score, Standard normal distribution
• Density curve
• Normal distributions / Normal curves
• z-score, Standard normal distribution
• 68 − 95 − 99.7 rule, Probabilities for normal distribution
• Explanatory variable / Response variable
• Explanatory variable / Response variable
• Scatterplot: Direction (Positive / Negative), Form (Linear /
Nonlinear), Strength, Outlier
• Explanatory variable / Response variable
• Scatterplot: Direction (Positive / Negative), Form (Linear /
Nonlinear), Strength, Outlier
• Correlation
• Linear regression: ŷ = a + bx; Slope b, Intercept a,
Predication
• Linear regression: ŷ = a + bx; Slope b, Intercept a,
Predication
• Correlation and regression, r 2 , Residual
• Linear regression: ŷ = a + bx; Slope b, Intercept a,
Predication
• Correlation and regression, r 2 , Residual
• Cautions for regression: Influential observations,
Extrapolation, Lurking variables
• Sample / Population
• Sample / Population
• Random sampling design: Simple random sample (SRS),
Stratified random sample, Multistage sample
• Sample / Population
• Random sampling design: Simple random sample (SRS),
Stratified random sample, Multistage sample
• Bad samples: Voluntary response sample, Convenience sample
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