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Transcript 
The Rock Cycle



Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Igneous Rocks

Igneous Rocks-form from melted rock that
cools



Extrusive igneous rocks form when melted rock
cools on Earth’s surface
Intrusive igneous rock forms when melted rock
cools beneath earth’s surface
Light colored intrusive igneous rocks that contain
a high percentage of silica are called granite
Igneous Rocks

Igneous


Dark-colored often extrusive igneous rocks
containing iron, magnesium, or calcium are
called basaltic
Lava is melted rock that reaches Earth’s surface
and forms extrusive igneous rock when is cools


Volcanoes can erupt bringing a lava flow to
Earth’s surface
Large cracks or fissures can allow lava to ooze
out
Fast cooling
magma
rock
layers
Igneous Rocks
Slow cooling
magma
volcano
mantle
Basalt
magma
Igneous Rocks

Igneous

Magma is melted rock that does not reach the
Earth’s surface; intrusive igneous rocks form as
magma slowly cools under the surface
Crystal size is the main difference between
intrusive and extrusive igneous rock


Intrusive igneous rocks have large crystals; slow
forming
Extrusive igneous rocks do not have large
crystals; fast forming
Igneous Rocks
Pumice
Volcanic
Ash
Fast cooling
magma
rock
layers
Igneous Rocks
Slow cooling
magma
mantle
Granite
Sedimentary Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks- layers of broken rock,
shells, plants, and other materials


Detrital rocks-made of grains from minerals or
other rocks that have been compressed
Chemical Rocks-from when mineral rich water
evaporates and from other chemical processes
Depositional Environment
Sedimentary Rocks
youngest
sandstone
oldest
Metamorphic Rock

Metamorphic Rock: new rocks that form
when existing rocks are heated or
squeezed.

Metamorphic means “change of form”
Metamorphic Rocks
Earth’s Surface
Pressure from rocks above
Molten rock
Gneiss
Types of Metamorphic Rock

Foliated: rocks that have visible layers or
elongated grains of minerals.

These minerals have been into layers.

Ex. Slate, gneiss.
Types of Metamorphic Rock

Nonfoliated: rocks that do not have distinct layers
or bands.

Ex. Quartz, marble, soap stone

The grains are pressed together like a snowball.
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