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FINAL EXAM
PP III – ecology
A=abiota B=biota
• Tree
• B
• Rock
• A
• Water
• A
• Air
• A (nonliving)
• Bird
• B
• human
• B (living)
Matching:
• Large area with
similar climate, soil,
and plants and
animals
• The Planet of living
and nonliving things
• All the organisms in a
particular place +
their nonliving
environment
• ECOSYSTEM
• BIOSPHERE
BIOME
Matching:
• Large area with
similar climate, soil,
and plants and
animals
• The Planet of living
and nonliving things
• All the organisms in a
particular place +
their nonliving
environment
• BIOME
• BIOSPHERE
• ECOSYSTEM
What is the difference between
photosynthesis and
chemosynthesis? (answer below)
• PHOTOSYNTHESIS• organisms capture sunlight to make food
• CHEMOSYNTHESIS• organisms use chemical energy (like
sulfur) to make food
How do these relate?
• Autotrophs
Consumers
Heterotrophs
Producers
• ANSWER: Autotrophs and Producers
are plants that make food
• Heterotrophs are consumers that eat
the producers
What would each of these eat?
• Carnivore
• Eat animals
• Herbivore
• Eat plants
• Omnivore
• Eat animals + plants
• Decomposer
• Break down and eat dead
organic matter
• Feed on plant and animal
remains called detritus
• Detritivore
How much energy is…
• Usually passed to the next energy level in
an energy pyramid?
• A. 5%
• B. 10%
• C. 35%
• D. 90%
• ANSWER: 10%
What contributes CO2 to the
atmosphere?
•
•
•
•
•
Detergents
Auto exhausts
Fertilizers
Factories
Ozone
• ANSWER: auto exhausts + factories
Which is a food chain and which is
a food web?
WHAT AM I?
Which is a food chain and which is
a food web?
WHAT AM I?
Producers? Primary, Secondary,
Tertiary Consumers?
What converts unusable nitrogen
into usable nitrogen?
•
•
•
•
A. worms
B. fungi
C. nitrogen-fixing bacteria
D. nitrogen-fixing birds
• ANSWER: C
Where is most of the phosphorus
kept in the biosphere?
•
•
•
•
A. rocks
B. atmosphere
C. bird poop
D. Larry’s house
• ANSWER: A
What causes an algal bloom?
•
•
•
•
A. large amounts of phosphorus runoff
B. large amounts of carbon runoff
C. large amounts of nitrogen runoff
D. small amounts of mineral runoff
• ANSWER: A
What chemical form is carbon
usually found in rocks? In the
atmosphere?
•
•
•
•
A. CO2
B. carbonate
C. CO
D. nitrates
• ANSWER: in rocks is carbonate
•
in atmosphere is CO2
What are the three most abundant
greenhouse gases?
•
•
•
•
•
A. water vapor
B. nitrogen oxide
C. carbon dioxide
D. methane
E. phosphates
• ANSWERL A, C, D
What criteria determine a terrestrial
biome?
•
•
•
•
•
Type of fish
Climate
Type of soil
Plants and animals
Type of people
• ANSWER: climate, soil, plants and
animals
What is a wetland?
•
•
•
•
A. lake
B. stream
C. marsh
D. ocean
• ANSWER: marsh (water covers the land
part of the time)
WHICH BIOME?
• Hot and wet year round
• Ferns, large woody vines and climbing
plants, orchids
• Sloths, tapirs, jaguars, monkeys, toucans,
butterflies
• S. and central Am., SE Asia
• ANSWER: Tropical rainforest
WHICH BIOME?
• Humus soil
• Cold to moderate winters, warm summers,
fertile soils
• Deciduous trees, some conifers
• Deer, black bears, squirrels, raccoons,
turkeys, songbirds
• ANSWER: Temperate Deciduous Forest
In a food chain, what organisms
are usually the decomposers?
•
•
•
•
A. birds
B. snakes
C. plants
D. bacteria and fungi
• ANSWER: D
MATCH
• Parasitism
• Both organisms
benefit
• Commensalism
• One organism
benefits and the other
is not harmed
• Mutualism
• Organism lives in or
on another and harms
it
MATCH
• Parasitism
• Commensalism
• Mutualism
• Organism lives in or
on another and
harms it
• One organism
benefits and the
other is not harmed
• Both organisms
benefit
In a food pyramid…
• Which organisms are in the greatest
amount and why?
• ANSWER: plants (producers), need to
feed all the other organisms
Identify
• Primary species?
• Climax species?
• Primary or Secondary
succession?
•
•
•
•
ANSWER:
Lichen,mosses
Fir, birch
Primary (no soil)
What goes in each level of energy
pyramid?
What goes in each level of energy
pyramid?
Tertiary consumer
Secondary consumer
Primary consumer
Producer
The total amount of living tissue in
a given tropic level would be:
•
•
•
•
A. biomass
B. biome
C. biotic
D. biology
• ANSWER: biomass
Identify as Predator/Prey or
Competition
• Lynx chases the hare
• Pred/Prey
• Two robins vie for
same sunflower
seeds
• Competition
• Lion and tiger both
eat antelope
• Competition and
Pred/Prey
Coniferous or Deciduous?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Pine Tree
Coniferous
Oak Tree
Deciduous
Cherry Tree
Deciduous
Blue Spruce
Coniferous
Coniferous =
needles, evergreen
Deciduous = sheds
leaves annually
Boom or bust?
Exponential growth?
Logistic growth?
• Exponential growth
• Logistic growth
Type of
graph?
This diagram illustrates what
process?
•
•
•
•
Carrying capacity
Logistic growth
Limiting factor
Biological
magnification
ANSWER: Biological
magnification
(vol. of chemical increases
as you go up the food chain)