Download Weathering and Erosion - Monroe County Schools

What do
These 3
Things
Have in
Common??
statue
Sand Pile
Grand Canyon
They have all
been
subjected to the
process of
WEATHERING
WEATHERING: is
THE CHEMICAL
AND PHYSICAL
PROCESS THAT
CHANGES ROCK
For weathering to occur
the rocks must be
exposed to:
AIR (atmosphere)
WATER (hydrosphere)
ACTION OF HUMANS &
OTHER LIVING ORGANISMS
Evidence of Weathering:
the end product of the
weathering of rock is
SEDIMENT
PHYSICAL
WEATHERING:
ROCKS ARE BROKEN INTO
SMALLER PIECES
WITHOUT CHANGING THE
CHEMICAL NATURE OF THE ROCK
Explain how
water and wind
can can cause
physical
weathering
in the following
ways:
The alternate
freezing and
thawing of
water
WATER EXPANDS
WHEN IT FREEZES
This is called…….
Ice Wedging or
Frost Action
a weathered sidewalk
*ABRASION
RUNNING WATER
AND WIND CAN
RUB OR WEAR
DOWN ROCKS
* BIOLOGIC
ACTIVITY
A sidewalk being lifted by the tree roots!!
*Humans
can
influence the rate of
weathering by the
use of powerful
equipment
If you
increase the surface area
you will ___________
increase the
rate of weathering
rate
of
weathering
Surface area
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING:
Rocks are broken and
the chemical
composition is also
___________
CHANGED
• OXIDATION OCCURS
OXYGEN
WHEN __________
FROM AIR COMBINES
MINERALS
WITH ___________
TO FORM OXIDES
RUST
•CARBONATION
WATER
OCCURS WHEN __________
CONTAINING
__________
CARBONICACID
DISSOLVES
MINERALS
EX.
LIMESTONE
CAVES
* POLLUTANTS
can speed up
the rate of
chemical weathering
OXIDES OF SULFER
AND NITROGEN MAKE
RAINWATER UNNATURALLY
ACIDIC
ACID RAIN
•HYDRATION
OCCURS WHEN _______
MINERALS
SUCH AS MICA AND
FELDSPAR ABSORB
WATER AND WEAKEN
________
AND FORM ________
CLAY
CLIMATIC EFFECTS ON
WEATHERING:
PHYSICAL WEATHERING
DOMINATES IN
COLD,
MOIST
CLIMATES
CLIMATIC EFFECTS ON
WEATHERING:
CHEMICAL WEATHERING
DOMINATES IN
WARM,
MOIST
CLIMATES
IN GENERAL WHEN
THERE IS MORE
MOISTURE
THERE IS MORE
WEATHERING
Central
Park
CLEOPATRA’S
NEEDLE
RATE OF
WEATHERING ALSO
DEPENDS ON:
MINERAL COMPOSITION
ROCK RESISTANCE
(HARDNESS)
WATER
DOLOSTONE
SHALE
LIMESTONE
SANDSTONE
SHALE
SANDSTONE
SHALE
WHICH ROCK
IS THE
MOST
RESISTANT
TO
WEATHERING?
DOLOSTONE
SHALE
LIMESTONE
SANDSTONE
SHALE
SANDSTONE
SHALE
WHICH ROCK
IS THE
MOST
RESISTANT
TO
WEATHERING?
DOLOSTONE
SHALE
LIMESTONE
SANDSTONE
SHALE
SANDSTONE
SHALE
WHICH ROCK
IS THE
LEAST
RESISTANT
TO
WEATHERING?
DOLOSTONE
SHALE
LIMESTONE
SANDSTONE
SHALE
SANDSTONE
SHALE
WHICH ROCK
IS THE
LEAST
RESISTANT
TO
WEATHERING?
SOIL FORMATION:
SOIL IS THE
COMBINATION OF:
ROCK PARTICLES
MINERALS
ORGANIC MATTER
EROSION:
TRANSPORT
OF
SEDIMENTS
AND
DEPOSITING
THEM
ELSEWHERE
EROSION IS DRIVEN
BY THE FORCE OF
GRAVITY
THE AGENTS OF
EROSION ARE:
RUNNING WATER
WIND
MOVING ICE (GLACIERS)
Each Agent of Erosion
Produces it’s Own
Characteristic shape
and Texture
in the
Sediment :
ROUNDS
AND
SMOOTHES
THE ROCK SURFACE
ALSO MAKES IT
SMALLER
WIND BLOWN
SEDIMENTS
FROST AND PIT
THE ROCK
SURFACE
SMALL SEDIMENTS IN THE
GLACIER POLISHES & SMOOTHES
THE ROCK SURFACE
LARGE SEDIMENTS SCRATCH
AND STRIATE THE ROCK SURFACE
FALLEN ROCKS ARE
SHARP &
ANGULAR
The primary agent
of erosion is:
RUNNING
WATER
Colorado River
Grand Canyon
Niagra Falls