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What are the 2 ways rocks are
Weathered?
What are the characteristics of the 2
Parts of Weathering?
• Erosion 
• Transport 
Define the 2 Types of
Weathering.
What are the 5 processes of
Mechanical Weathering?
What is Frost Action?
Frost wedging
What happens to water
when it freezes?
What are Talus cones &
how do they form?
talus
What is Pressure Release?
What are Sheet joints?
What is Exfoliation? Exfoliation domes?
How does Thermal expansion & contraction affect rocks?
How does Salt crystal growth affect rocks?
How do organisms affect rocks?
What is Chemical Weathering?
What are the agents of chemical weathering?
What are the 3 Types of Chemical Weathering?
How does “Solution” affect rocks?
How does “Oxidation” affect rocks?
• Calcite dissolves in acidified water. (in soln)
CaCO3 + H2O + CO2
calcite
water carbon
dioxide
Ca2+ + 2HCO3calcium
ion
bicarbonate
ion
When the iron oxidizes, hematite forms by:
4Fe + 3O2
iron
oxygen
_
+
2Fe2O3
hematite
What is Hydrolysis?
2KAlSi3O8 + 2H+ + 9H2O
orthoclase
hydrogen
ion
Al2Si2O5(OH)4 + 2K+
clay mineral
(kaolinite)
water
potassium
ion
+ 4SiO2
silica ion
• What parts of rocks are the most weathered?
least weathered?
What Factors Affect the Rate of Chemical
Weathering?
Particle Size
How does surface area affect chemical & physical
weathering?
What is spheroidal weathering?
Why is the climate a factor in chemical weathering of
rocks?
Chemical Weathering is:
most intense in ____________________.
reduced in ________________________.
How is chemical weathering related to Bowen’s
Reaction Series?
What is the relationship b/w stability of minerals to
the order in which they crystallize from a magma?
Bowen’s Reaction Series
Olivine
Ca-Plagioclase
Pyroxene
Amphibole
Biotite
Na-Plagioclase
K-Feldspar
Muscovite
Quartz
Arches Natl. Park, Utah
Pebble Beach, Calif.
What is Differential weathering?
Why do rocks weather at different rates?
Why can a single rock look weathered & unweathered
in places?