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Atomic Structure Notes Thomson Model The “pudding” had a positive charge and the “plums” had a negative charge. Rutherford Model – Gold Foil Experiment Discovered a Nucleus and that the electrons were away from the nucleus. Bohr Model Bohr included only protons and electrons in his original model. Chadwick – Bohr’s student discovered neutrons. Wave Model Subatomic Particles Location • Proton (p+) – Positive Charge – Nucleus • Neutron (n°) – Neutral Charge - Nucleus • Electron (e-) – Negative Charge – Energy Levels • Electron Cloud Atomic Structure Atomic Structure • Atomic Number = #p+ and • Atomic Mass = #p+ + #e#n° Protons and neutrons make up the mass of the atom • #n° = atomic mass – atomic number Valence Electrons • Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level. Modern Bohr Model Energy Levels 1st – 2e2nd – 8e3rd – 18e4th – 32e5th – 32e6th – 18e7th – 8e-