Download Defining the Atom - Warren County Public Schools

Tuesday!!!!!
10/18/11
Chemistry
Bell Ringer
Schedule
• 1. Pick up your papers
from the corner desk.
• 2. Get out paper to take
notes and your 3-ring
binders for this class.
1.
Bell Ringer
2.
Pass back papers
3.
Atomic Structure notes
HOMEWORK: depends on how you work
today.
I CAN… read for meaning
and analytically answer
questions.
Teachers open the door, but you must enter by
yourself. 
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide
1 of 18
4.1
Defining the Atom
The lab technician shown
here is using a magnifying
lens to examine a bacterial
culture in a petri dish. When
scientists cannot see the
details of what they study,
they try to obtain
experimental data that help
fill in the picture.
Slide
2 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Early Models of the Atom
Early Models of the Atom
• An atom is the smallest particle of an element
that retains its identity in a chemical reaction.
• Philosophers and scientists have proposed
many ideas on the structure of atoms.
Slide
3 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Early Models of the Atom
Democritus’s Atomic Philosophy
How did Democritus describe atoms?
Democritus
Slide
4 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Early Models of the Atom
Democritus believed that atoms were
indivisible and indestructible.
Democritus’s ideas were limited because
they didn’t explain chemical behavior and
they lacked experimental support.
Slide
5 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Early Models of the Atom
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
How did John Dalton further
Democritus’s ideas on atoms?
Slide
6 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Early Models of the Atom
By using experimental methods, Dalton
transformed Democritus’s ideas on atoms
into a scientific theory.
The result was Dalton’s atomic theory.
Slide
7 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Early Models of the Atom
All elements are composed of tiny indivisible
particles called atoms.
Slide
8 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Early Models of the Atom
Atoms of the same element are identical. The
atoms of any one element are different from
those of any other element.
Slide
9 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Early Models of the Atom
Atoms of different elements can physically mix
together or can chemically combine in simple
whole-number ratios to form compounds.
Slide
10 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Early Models of the Atom
Chemical reactions occur when atoms are
separated, joined, or rearranged. Atoms of one
element are never changed into atoms of
another element in a chemical reaction.
Slide
11 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Sizing up the Atom
Sizing up the Atom
What instruments are used to observe
individual atoms?
Slide
12 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Sizing up the Atom
Despite their small size, individual atoms
are observable with instruments such as
scanning tunneling microscopes.
Slide
13 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1
Defining the Atom
> Sizing up the Atom
Iron Atoms Seen Through a Scanning
Tunneling Microscope
Slide
14 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1 Section Quiz
Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 4.1.
Continue to:
-or-
Launch:
Section Quiz
Slide
15 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1 Section Quiz
1. The ancient Greek philosopher credited with
suggesting all matter is made of indivisible
atoms is
a. Plato.
b. Aristotle.
c. Democritus.
d. Socrates.
Slide
16 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1 Section Quiz
2. Dalton's atomic theory improved earlier
atomic theory by
a. teaching that all matter is composed of tiny
particles called atoms.
b. theorizing that all atoms of the same
element are identical.
c. using experimental methods to establish a
scientific theory.
d. not relating atoms to chemical change.
Slide
17 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
4.1 Section Quiz
3. Individual atoms are observable with
a. the naked eye.
b. a magnifying glass.
c. a light microscope.
d. a scanning tunneling microscope.
Slide
18 of 18
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
END OF SHOW