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THE ATOM THE ATOM The Smallest Particle Of An Element Cannot Be Broken Down Into Smaller Pieces Atoms of Each Element Are All Identical THE ATOM Electrically Electrons Size Neutral (Negative) = Protons (Positive) of An Atom Depends Upon the Number of Electrons In the Electron Cloud PARTS OF THE ATOM Nucleus Central part of the atom Positively charged Contains Protons and Neutrons PARTS OF THE ATOM Protons Number Identifies Each Element Positive Charge Found in Nucleus Mass = 1 amu Same Mass as Neutron PARTS OF THE ATOM Neutrons No Charge Found in Nucleus Mass = 1 amu Same Mass as Proton PARTS OF THE ATOM Electrons Negatively Charged Found in Electron Cloud Mass = 1/1837 amu Virtually No Mass Atomic Number Number Each THE ATOM of Protons in the Element Element Has Its Own Atomic # Identifies Each Elements Elements Are Arranged in Order of Increasing Atomic Number AMU ATOMIC MASS UNITS The Mass of An Atom Is Very Small The Mass of an Atom is Measured in AMUs. One AMU = 1/12 of the mass of a Carbon-12 atom ATOMIC MASS The average of all the isotopes of the Element MASS NUMBER The Sum of the Number of Protons and Neutrons In The Nucleus Neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Number Each Element Has Its Own Mass Number ATOMIC THEORY Democritus – First to come up with the term “atom” “Atomos” – means cannot be divided LAW OF CONSTANT COMPOSITION