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Effects of Climate Change on Ecosystems and Natural Resources of the Yukon River Basin Yukon River: • Entirely above 60 degrees N • Freshwater source for Bering Sea and Arctic Ocean •Potential large source of carbon to the coastal ocean Integration of DOI Monitoring, Assessment, and Management Yukon Basin: 5 National Parks/ NRAs (Vital Signs) 8 Wildlife Refuges 3 Large military land holdings (CRREL) Carbon, Water, and Energy Budgets using a watershed as a common frame of reference Glacial runoff (PIC) Surface runoff (DOC, DIC, POC, PIC) CO2 Bank erosion (POC, PIC, DOC, DIC) Photosynthesis CO2, CH4 Decomposition CO2, CH4 CO2 DOC, DIC CO2 + CaCO3 Photosynthesis Soil water (DOC, DIC) PERMAFROST Groundwater (DOC, DIC) Decomposition of POC, DOC Sedimentation & Resuspension 2 HCO3- Multi-component –Multi scale Observations Within a Common Frame of Reference Roofed plots Tier 1: Research Installations USGS and UAF Research on the effects of wetter/dryer/warmer conditions on C flux Manipulated water table in wetlands Hydrologic Data Collection- USGS/Canada Fixed Station Network Intensive Sampling Yukon R. at Eagle Porcupine R. Yukon R. near Stevens Village June & Aug-Sept., 2002 June & Aug-Sept., 2003 Tanana R. Yukon R. at Pilot Station LTER NOAA-IPY USGS Stevens Village Fort Yukon Eagle Pilot Station Major Drainage Basins Upper Yukon R. & Headwaters Porcupine R. Tanana R. East Central Yukon R. Koyukuk R. & West, Lower Yukon R. Whitehorse Research Watersheds (Tier 1) and Fixed river stations (Tier 2) Tier 1,2: Active-Layer Monitoring Stations Wind Speed and Direction Air Temperature Each AL Station Monitors the Following Climate Parameters: Terrestrial Snow Depth Shortwave Radiation • soil temperatures (5-120 cm) • soil moisture • active-layer depth & duration • snow depth & duration • albedo Permafrost Temperatures 5-120 cm Solar Panel Atmospheric • air temperature • wind speed & direction • cloudiness Estimated Costs Per Site •Equipment and installation: 20K Soil Moisture @ 15cm Datalogger And Power •Operation per year: 5K sample rate = 30 sec FIA Plot (hypothetical) USGS Gage (also hypoth). Riparian Study Research Area Tier 3: The Watershed as a landscape frame of reference •Forest/landscape and hydrologic data collected intensively within each study watershed. •Survey data (FIA plot grid) for linking to broader watershed or region. •Models linking datasets for basin-wide water, energy, and carbon budgets. Detecting surface water change through remote sensing Yukon Basin: 853,300 km2 ~ 3.02% water ~ 1.08% river water ~ 0.52% Yukon River B. Wylie & B. Jones Decision Support Systems CommunityViz USGS National Integrated Network (GC-IMS) Science Priorities for the DOI Task Force • Development of a DOI integrated science and monitoring plan • Integration of existing monitoring networks • Downscaling of models GC-IMS • An adaptive management approach with USGS science and DOI resource Bureaus • Building decision-making capabilities centered on a robust Global Change Information Management System (GC-IMS) • Improving integration and access to USGS and other DOI Bureau data sets crucial to climate change science and resource management Yukon-North Slope Regional Integrated Monitoring Systems (RIMS) The Vision – A National Climate Effects Network • A truly integrated National climate effect monitoring network capable at a range of temporal and spatial scales • A scientific team focused on early detection and scientific analysis in support of adaptation or mitigation strategies • An information dissemination and decision support system for cost effective, scientifically rigorous management and policy decisions • The capacity for the next generation to protect and sustain our National trust resources through early detection of change