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Priorities for the 1st Commitment Period: maximizing benefits,
ensuring delivery of the Kyoto Mechanisms.
Current critical issues related to
CDM
PANAMA: THE WAY WE
EMPOWERED CDM.
World Bank Carbon Funds’ Host Country Committee
Annual HCC Meeting
April 30th & May 1st, 2007
Cologne, Germany
By
Eduardo Reyes
Barriers for CDM Development Globally
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The complete CDM process is still perceived as very
COMPLEX and slow.
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The CDM procedures still unclear, for several DNAs.
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This, most of the time leads some DOEs and Brokers among
others to act as if they were the only experts.
High transactions costs related to CDM process.
Additionality tool misunderstood or interrogated in 1000 ways
by everyone (DOEs, EB, Brokers, DNAS, the so called
experts?, among others.) Why?
Lack of DNAs offices dedicated exclusively to CDM related
issues, with national budget for its functionality.
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Project Registration
Approval of New Methodologies
Not clear procedures to emit LoAs
Still a learning by doing process globally.
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Too many questions related to buyer and seller issues instead to
focus on Modalities and Procedures approved Decisions.
Everyone tends to act as subjective lawyers (liers) instead of
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being objective into understanding the issue.
Others Barriers for CDM Development in
Panama up to 9-2004.
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Lack of knowledge about what it is CDM and it
benefits among the public and private sectors.
Lack of qualified personal specialized in CDM
related issues.
Difficulties accessing funds for the financing of
CDM activities. Much more difficult access to
funds for the financing of projects.
Unclear rules to get Letter of Approval. Usually
confused. Tended to lead PPs to skip local legal
environmental process.
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Are we meeting our goals?
Are we reducing GHG and contributing with
sustainable development?
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Some Answer to the Barriers: Panama
case (1)
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Introduction of the subject at the highest levels decision makers of
all the sectors involved by The National Environmental Authority
(ANAM)
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Presidential Cabinet
Some key local authorities
Some key private sector stakeholders
Creation of the Climate Change Unit (CCU) into ANAM structure.
Creation of DNAs duties into CCU office and registration into the
UNFCCC (2004).
Understanding of some clear approved rules of CDM activities and
search and target the local application under real national
circumstances.
Design of first portfolio of real potential CDM projects (32) (2004)
presented at COP 10, Argentina by Vice Minister of Trade and
Industry.
Promotion of the CDM as a financial alternative for the financial
closing of key projects from public sector (Sanitation of Panama Bay and Panama
City landfill) and private promoters (Renewable Energy).
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Some Answer to the Barriers: Panama
case (2)
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Insertion of CDM activity as a way to get environmental
license or approval if projects are very well structured from
social and environmental point of view.
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Door to door education by DNA of benefits of CDM into the
public and private sector (non stop and endless task).
International Promotion of Panama as an attractive center
for the implementation of CDM projects.
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Need to meet Environmental Law 41-1998
Portfolio has grown from 32(2004) to 108(2007) CDM
possible official projects.
Major new investment programs in excess of US$ 2.5 billion
are expected to be executed over the next four year as part of
private and public sector partnerships, including those subject
to CERs.
Emphasis on legislation that will allow for further CDM
investment by private investors or in partnership with
government. Particularly with regard to new investment in
energy related activities.
Design of the legal bases and the lineaments to establish a
process of local approval for CDM projects (tied to national
legal environmental instruments).
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Key to the success
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At first, all efforts were focused on hydroelectric projects. Now
the focus is on all the Renewable Energy projects possible to be
developed or implemented as CDM projects.
EIAs and PAMAs as key legal environmental tools for the
acceptance of CDM projects.
Use of above legal tools has created synergy with CDM. EsIA
and PAMAs guarantee the social-environmental viability of
projects at least on legal local reports which are mandatory.
Understanding of the issue from key Ministries and Institutions
(Presidential, Foreign Affairs, Economic and Finance, Trade and
Industry, NAPS, PCA).
Acceptance of CDM rules and link them to Country possibilities
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EsIA: Environmental Impact Assessment (new projects) / PAMAs: Plan of Adjustment
and Environmental Management (projects before 2000)
Positives Results
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The Project promoters of the CDM projects had agreed to invest between
(20-30%) of income of CERS to develop and to implement sustainable
development.
This has provoked that National Congress started to debate over and
suggest a 30% mandatory investment on host communities under
Renewable Energy Incentive Law 45.
Approval of the Public Policy of Climate Change where CDM is framed
within the subject of mitigation.
To have a National Approval Process clearly defined.
To have a Climate Change Unit personnel dedicated to the subject with
national budget.
To renew ANAM´s vision and objectives due to Climate Change
To design a new National Environmental Strategy (short 2012 and long run
2020).
Establishment of a DOE branch in Panama
Establishment of some CDM Project Financial Institutions to interact with
local CDM promoters and banks.
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National Portfolio
The Panamanian offer to the international carbon market is
expressed in an always updated portfolio of potential CDM
projects, which are promoted at international level.
Project Type
Number of projects
86
5,693,030
Eolic
11
1,886,160
Methane
7
1,747,819
Transportation
2
25,680,600
Reforestation
2
450,000
108
LoNO
LoC
LoA
Project
59
35
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CERs
Hydroelectric
Total
Letters
Status
Project
UV RR
2
1
R
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29,770,272.30
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http://www.anam.gob.pa/uccd/cambio_climatico/index.htm
1,400,000,000
3.50E-04
1,200,000,000
3.00E-04
1,000,000,000
2.50E-04
800,000,000
2.00E-04
600,000,000
1.50E-04
400,000,000
1.00E-04
200,000,000
5.00E-05
0
0.00E+00
KCERs
población
Population vs CERs/ per Capital Registered
China
India
Unión
Europea
Estados Indonesia
Unidos'
Brasil
Nigeria
México Corea del Colombia Argentina
Sur
paises
Población
KCERs per capita
Perú
Honduras
Costa
Rica
Panamá
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GRACIAS
Eduardo Reyes
Sub Administrator General
Autoridad Nacional del
Ambiente
[email protected]
www.anam.gob.pa
Tel.: +507-500-0823
Fax: +507-500-0820
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