Download 20081106 StuartHazeldine

Carbon capture and
geological storage
for Scotland
Stuart Haszeldine
University of Edinburgh
• CCS explained
School of GeoSciences
• Ready - ness
• Impact Scotland
• Challenges Scotland
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
1
Explained
+
--
Enables transition,
Partial cleanup,
Costs more (than now),
ONLY direct reduction
Needs big companies,
Large impact,
Requires more fuel.
Scotland advantage.
[email protected]
of CO2,
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
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CO2 capture and storage
10,000yr remedy: bury CO2
in aquifers or oilfields
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
3
North Sea Saline Aquifer CO2
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
4
Impact and
Ready-ness
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
5
Scottish CO2
EITHER
Stop coal
and gas use
OR
Capture
CO2
IF …….. by 2020, Scotland has 50% electricity from “renewables”.
How is the other 50% made?
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
6
Scottish liability
CO2 tonnage
Longannet
10 Mt/yr coal SP
New coal
Cockenzie
8 Mt/yr coal ??
4.1 Mt/yr coal SP
Peterhead
1.5 Mt/yr gas SSE
Replace
[email protected]
Refit
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
New
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UK competition
CCS 2008
0.4 GW, soon after 2014
Longannet 10 Mt CO2 /yr coal
Scottish Power
Hunterston
1.6 GW
8 Mt CO2
BP Alternative Energy
Withdrawn
Kingsnorth 1.6 GW, 8Mt CO2
E.ON
Scotland MAY be UK leader.
But what is Plan B if it loses?
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
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Sources and options: Scottish Region Storage
14 companies
Feb 2009
3) EOR
import
UK + EU?
AIMS
Sources
Timings
Routes
Stores
Costs
2) “Aquifer”
Capacity
UK 20yr
or
1) “Export” 1,000yr ?
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
9
Europe: 12 CCS projects
• 500 M tons Emission Allowances for new plant
==> 10 x 400 MW coal plant 2013 - 2020
• 500 g CO2 /kW hr electricity emissions standard
• EU Council of Ministers anti EU-A ==> may fund ?
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
10
Challenges
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
11
Capture Ready coal
Building new coal
supercritical power
plant - with future
ability to capture CO2,
but NOT capturing now
Capture-Ready
Emissions Standard
Power plant fitted (800g),
350g (170g) CO2/kwh
Ramps down
No specified route or
storage site
Intended future date
Simple administration
No date for operation
Complex detailed designs
Risk with Government (us!)
[email protected]
Risk with operator
Risks: Illusions of progress
Too much regulatory complexity
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
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Capture -ready V deployment
New coal? 32Mt
capture ready
Clear CCS
mandateUnclear
==>
deployment
Deployment
After
2020
Market 2
Market 1
EU-ETS auctions
£ 3,000 M per year
From Jan 2013
[email protected]
DECC
competition
Create a second market
route to fund Scottish (UK)
CCS projects by EU-ETS
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
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EU CO2 emissions map
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
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2020 ?
North Sea
transport
and store
Mongstad
2014
Karsto
2016 ?
50% of EU CO2 export
via Rotterdam ?
2014
Longannet
Largest storage is in
Norwegian and Scottish
offshore
Hunterston
2015
How to get a transport
network to come north?
2012
Kingsnorth
[email protected]
ROTTERDAM
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
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Scotland: To Do
• Action on Capture Ready or Emission Standard
• Positioning on EU pipeline network
• Create CCS capacity, and fund storage research
• Enabling CCS in Scotland > UK
Money : EU-ETS, Auction, ROC, Price
• CCS: Largest single CO2 reduction
Over-promised and under-delivered
[email protected]
Climate Change Sust Dev Comm 6 Nov 2008
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