Download Slide 1

The Globalisation of Food
Marina Kent
March 13, 2013
Page
1
Page
2
Page
3
Page
4
Page
5
Page
6
Page
7
Page
8
Page
9
Page
10
Globalisation and agriculture
•
•
•
•
•
•
Page
Agricultural exports from developing countries have
declined form 50% of total traded goods in 1960 to 6% in
2000
2030-net importers
Policy
OCED countries-held back growth of agricultural exports
from developing world via trade barriers and support for
domestic production.
In 2000 totaled US$ 245 billion in the OCED countries
Market
Agricultural development hampered by saturated
developed markets (coffee cocoa and tea)
11
Liberalisation of trade-Who wins?
• Benefits mainly to consumers and taxpayers in industrial
countries (where agriculture is most protected) and to
agricultural exporters from developing countries
• Urban and landless rural in developing countries could
end up paying more
• This is because developing countries have become net
importers of food, dropping OCED subsidies would
merely bring about a shift in market shares of the OCED
countries.
Page
12
Liberalisation of trade-how to
ensure the vulnerable win
• Eliminate subsidies
• Simplify access to OCED markets
• Reduce OCED tariffs
• Ensure safety net for low income consumers to shield form
price increases in imported food.
• Committed investment in agricultural productivity
Page
13
Does globalisation disadvantage
developing countries?
• Technological advances in transport and communication
means moving goods around the world easier and cheaper
• Countries with physical and infrastructural hindrances will
be disadvantaged
• A reason for Africa to be concerned about global
environmental issues is that most poor countries are
clustered around the equator which will be the most
affected by crop damage associated with climate change
Page
14
Does globalisation disadvantage
developing countries?
Page
15
Can developing countries benefit
from Globalisation?
• Countries may become poorer relatively if they fail to
benefit from globalisation
• Also requires openess to international trade and investment
by Multi National Enteprises
• Government investment
Page
16
References: FAO World Agriculture-Towards 2015/2030-Summary report
Climate Change Challenge for the Poor, Yale Global
The Economist, The World in 2013