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BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentrated? How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? ? BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentrated? How/why does water leave the distal tubule? How/why does water leave the collecting ducts? ? ? BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentrated? Concentration of urine is dependent on the concentration gradient existing in the kidneys. 2) ________________: Maintained 3 ways Network of capillaries carrying blood in ___________________ of nephron flow 1) _________________: 3) ________: Both H2O and solutes are lost from loop of Henle (__________________ ____________________). Diffuses into _________ ________________… impermeable until collecting duct… ______ _______________ BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentration regulated? 80% of reabsorption is _____________ 20% regulated via ________________ Who? You What? Where? Posterior pituitary When? Changes in _______ and __________ Why? Maintain homeostasis How? Cause formation of _____________ in __________ and _____________ BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II Take 2!!! Ethyl alcohol (found in alcoholic beverages) inhibits ADH secretion. Since this is so, why/how does consumption of an alcoholic beverage influence urine production? Discuss with your neighbor and predict an answer. BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentration regulated? 80% of reabsorption is obligatory 20% regulated via hormonal control Who? You What? Where? Kidneys, blood When? Changes in pressure and osmolality Why? Maintain homeostasis How? _____ causes ultimate formation of ___________ which is a __________ AND causes secretion of ______________ BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentration regulated? 80% of reabsorption is obligatory 20% regulated via hormonal control Who? You What? Where? Adrenal glands If LOW levels of aldosterone what happens to “salt” levels in filtrate? What happens to osmotic potential? When? ______________________ and osmolality Why? Maintain homeostasis How? ______________ causes increase in ________ __________ in _________ and ______________. BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentration regulated? 80% of reabsorption is obligatory 20% regulated via hormonal control Who? You What? What effect does this have on blood volume? Where? Right atrium of heart When? High blood volume stretches the chamber Why? Maintain homeostasis How? ____________________ inhibits the secretion of _____ and the ______________________ (it also dilates vessels). BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentration regulated? Who? You What? Where? Afferent arteriole When? Changes in blood pressure Why? Maintain homeostasis How? Dilate or restrict afferent arteriole. Controls what pressure? BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is urine concentration regulated? Who? You What? Where? Small renal arteries and afferent arterioles When? Severe stress and/or cardiac shock Why? Appropriate resources How? _______________________ (including afferent arterioles) What happens to filtration pressure? BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II How is “urine” produced artificially? 2 main types: •___________ •___________ ____________ BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II What is involved with micturition? 1) ____________ ___________ 2) _______ ________ signal _________ & ________ 3) Bladder ________ and internal sphincter ________ 4) __________ ______________ Bladder Incontinence! BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II What are some kidney diseases/disorders? Nephritis (acute and chronic) Renal failure (acute and chronic) Kidney stones (renal caliculi) Incontinence (nerve damage, gestational) Urinary tract infection (cystitis, urethritis) Diuretics BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II Let’s practice some renal histology! BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II Let’s practice some renal histology!
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