Download Shoulder and Elbow Injuries

Shoulder Injuries
Sports Medicine 2
Shoulder Complex
Bones:
 SC Joint
 AC Joint
 Glenohumeral Joint
 Scapula
 Humerus

Shoulder Complex

Muscles:

Deltoid, Triceps Brachii, Biceps Brachii,
Brachialis, Brachioradialis, Pectoralis
major/minor, SITS muscles, Teres
major, and Latissimus dorsi
Glenoid Labrum
Brachial Plexus

What injury?

What causes it?

What symptoms does it give?
Clavicle Fractures
MOI: Forceful blow to the area,
falling on outstretched arm, landing
directly on acromion process
 S/S: Pain, tenderness, swelling,
deformity
 TX: RICE, X-Ray, Sling,
 ST: Percussion Test, Compression
Test

Scapular Fractures
MOI: not frequent in sports, Usually
caused by direct force or from a
transmitted force through the
humerus
 S/S: Swelling, P.T. pain upon
movement
 TX: Sling

Humerus Fracture
MOI: Direct blows or fall on
outstretched arm
 S/S: P.T., deformity, pain with
movement, Swelling
 TX: splint and send to Dr.

Dislocation/Subluxation
MOI: Head of humerus is forced or
displaced out of the shoulder joint
 S/S: Pain, loss of ROM, dead arm,
slipped sensation, popping sound
 TX: Comfortable position, check for
loss of sensation, Reduction (by MD)
 ST: Apprehension Test, Sulcus Sign

AC Sprain
MOI: Fall on the acromion, forceful
pull on the humerus
 S/S: Pain over AC joint, deformity
 TX: RICE, X-Ray, MD, sling
 ST: Sulcus Test, apprehension test,
Piano Key Sign
 Grades- 1-6 (A-F)

Rotator Cuff Strain




MOI: Overuse, forceful pull on humerus
S/S: pain, abnormal ROM, some swelling
TX: RICE, rehabilitation, modification of
workouts
ST: Drop Arm test, Muscle Strength
Tests, Empty Can, Internal/External
Strength tests
Impingement Syndrome




MOI: Repeated overhead activities such
as throwing, tennis, swimming, and
serving. (Inflammation of Long head of
biceps, subacromial bursa, and
supraspinatus tendon.
S/S: Weakness, and point tenderness.
Pain with overhead movements
TX: RICE, rehabilitation
ST: Hawkins-Kennedy, Winged scapula
test
SLAP Lesions





Superior Labrum Anterior-Posterior Tear
MOI: forced abduction of the arm, as in athletes
who use repetitive over arm motions. The
superior portion of the glenoid labrum and
sometimes the biceps anchor are involved.
S/S: catching sensation and pain with
movement, most typically overhead activities
such as throwing.
TX: Modification of activity, Surgery
ST: Speed’s, Hawkins-Kennedy, Strength test
Tendonitis
MOI: Repeated stress to tendons in
shoulder. (common in bicep tendon)
 S/S: general soreness and point
tenderness (with or without motion)
 TX: RICE, modification of exercises,
rehabilitation
 ST: Speed’s Test
