Download Muscular Unit

Muscular Unit
Muscle:
 Definition:
–Type of tissue
able to shorten
or contract and
move a body
part.
 Functions:
–Movement
–Posture
–Heat
Muscle facts:
 Over
600
 Sheath
–
 Tendons
muscles
outer covering
–
muscle to bone
Muscle facts:
 Muscles
are named by:
Location
Shape
Function (movement)
Point of attachment
Sternocleidomastoid
Pectoralis
Major
Masseter
Trapezius
Deltoids
Biceps
Obliques
Rectus
Abdominis
Flexors
Quadriceps
Sartorius
Tibialis
Anterior
Triceps
Gluteus
Maximus
Latissimus
Dorsi
Extensors
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Muscle types
 Skeletal
 Cardiac
 Smooth
Skeletal (striated) muscle:

Voluntary Control
 You control

Used in movement and exercise

Examples:
Biceps, Quadriceps,
Abdominals
Smooth (Visceral) muscle:
 Involuntary

muscle
you can not move
 Internal
organs and blood vessels
 Examples:
Digestive tract, Urinary tract,
Stomach, Esophagus
Cardiac muscle:
 Involuntary
muscle
 You can not control.
 Found
in the heart.
 Example:
 heart
(Myocardium)
How muscles work:
 Stimulation/use
=
fiber development
 Muscle
fiber development is when muscles
become bigger and better reacting.
 Carbohydrates
are changed into an energy
rich compound called
ATP.
How muscles work (cont’d):
 ATP
(energy) + Oxygen =
Water and Carbon Dioxide
 ATP (energy) + no Oxygen =
Lactic Acid
 A build up of Lactic Acid will cause
Muscle Cramps
Muscle Movements
 Flexion
– decrease angle
 Extension
– Increase angle
Muscle Movements
 Abduction
 Movement away
from the center
 Adduction
 Movement towards
the center
Muscle Movements
 Pronation
 Palms downward
 Supination
 Palms
upward/forward
 Rotation
 Turning
Origins – Insertions
and Functions
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
SternoCleidomastoid
ORIGIN
Clavicle
Sternum
INSERTION
Cranium
MOVEMENT
Rotates
head
INSERTION
Sternocleido
mastoid
ORIGIN
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
SternoCleidomastoid
ORIGIN
Clavicle
INSERTION
Cranium
Sternum
Vertebra
Trapezius
Column
Scapula
MOVEMENT
Rotates
head
Lifts the
scapula
INSERTION
ORIGIN
TRAPEZIUS
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
Deltoid
ORIGIN
Clavicle
Scapula
INSERTION
Humerus
MOVEMENT
Extends
Humerus
ORIGIN
DELTOID
INSERTION
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
ORIGIN
Deltoid
Pectoralis
Major
Clavicle
Scapula
INSERTION
MOVEMENT
Humerus Extends
Sternum Humerus
Humerus
Movement
of Humerus
ORIGIN
PECTORALIS
MAJOR
INSERTION
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
ORIGIN
INSERTION
MOVEMENT
Deltoid
Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
Extending
humerus
Pectoralis
Major
Sternum
Humerus
Movement
of
humerus
Radius
Flexion
of
Forearm
Bicep
Scapula
Ulna
View: From the Front
ORIGIN
BICEPS
INSERTION
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
Triceps
ORIGIN
INSERTION
Scapula
Humerus
Ulna
MOVEMENT
Extension
of
Forearm
View: From the Back
ORIGIN
TRICEPS
INSERTION
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
ORIGIN
INSERTION
Scapula
Triceps
Humerus
Latissimus
Vertebrae
Dorsi
Ulna
Humerus
MOVEMENT
Extension
of
Forearm
Movement
of
Humerus
INSERTION
ORIGIN
LATISSIMUS
DORSI
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
ORIGIN
INSERTION
Scapula
Triceps
Humerus
Latissimus
Vertebrae
Dorsi
Rectus
Ribs/
Abdominis Sternum
Ulna
Humerus
Pubis
MOVEMENT
Extension
of
Forearm
Movement
of
Humerus
Flexion of
Trunk
ORIGIN
RECTUS
ABDOMINIS
INSERTION
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
Internal/
External
Obliques
ORIGIN
INSERTION
MOVEMENT
Trunk
Rotation
INTERNAL
OBLIQUES
EXTERNAL
OBLIQUES
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
ORIGIN
INSERTION
Internal/
External
Obliques
Gluteus
Maximus
MOVEMENT
Trunk
Rotation
Pelvis
Femur
Hip
Extension
ORIGIN
GLUTEUS
MAXIMUS
INSERTION
Origins-Insertions-Function
NAME
ORIGIN
INSERTION
Internal/
External
Obliques
Gluteus
Trunk
Rotation
Pelvis
Femur
(Biceps Femoris)
Hip
Extension
Maximus
Hamstrings
MOVEMENT
Pelvis
Tibia
Leg
Fibula
Flexion
ORIGIN
HAMSTRINGS
INSERTION
NAME
Origins-Insertions-Function
Quadriceps
Ilium
Femur
Tibia
Extends
Lower Leg
ORIGIN
INSERTION
QUADRICEPS
NAME
Origins-Insertions-Function
Quadriceps
Gastrocnemius
Ilium
Femur
Femur
Tibia
Lower leg
extension
Tarsals
Foot
Extension
ORIGIN
GASTROCNEMIUS
INSERTION
toes
NAME
Origins-Insertions-Function
Quadriceps
Ilium
Femur
Tibia
Lower leg
extension
GastrocNemius
Femur
Tarsals
Foot
extension
Tarsals
Foot
Tibialis
Anterior
Tibia
Metatarsals Flexion
ORIGIN
TIBIALIS
ANTERIOR
INSERTION
toes
Muscular
System
Disorders
Muscle Cramps
A. Muscle contracts, but will not relax.
B. Lactic Acid build-up occurs during
strenuous exercise.
C. These methods will help prevent
muscle cramps: warm-up, water
D. Relax, rub, and massage the
muscle to relieve the pain.
Muscle Strain
A. Overstretching of a muscle.
B. Improperly warming-up.
C. Proper warm-up and regular
exercise can help prevent strains.
D. Ice and rest.
Muscle Tear
A. The tendon is torn from the bone.
B. Sudden pull on a muscle.
C. Proper warm-up and regular
exercise will help prevent muscle
pulls.
D. Ice, rest and sometimes surgery.
Tendinitis
A. Inflamed tendon
B. Repeated stress or irritation to the
tendon.
C. Proper warm-up and regular exercise.
D. Ice and rest.
Hernia
A. Tear in the muscle layer of the abdomen.
The intestines press through causing a
bulge.
B. Caused by sudden pressure at a weak
spot in the abdominal cavity.
C. Proper toning and proper lifting.
D. Wearing a support, surgery.
Muscular Dystrophy
A. Gradual destruction of muscle fiber,
which causes the muscles to become
useless.
B. Cause is unknown, but it is hereditary.
C. Regular exercise. No preventions.
D. Medicines, physical therapy.
Get UP and
MOVE!!
Use it or
lose it!!
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Muscular System Diagram Quiz
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