Download Joints of the Human Body

JOINT MECHANICS
&
JOINT INJURIES
Joints are the points of contact (articulation) between two bones.
Joints hold bone together
Allows for flexibility and movement
Examples of joints in our body: elbows, knuckles, shoulders, ankles, etc.
3 Main Types of
Joints
• FIBROUS
bound tightly together by connective tissue and allow
no movement. Example: Sutures
3 Main Types of
Joints
• CARTILAGINOUS
the body of one bone connects to the body of another
by means of cartilage, slight movement is possible.
Example: Intervertebral “discs” of spinal cord.
3 Main Types of
Joints
• SYNOVIAL
bony surfaces are separated by a lubricating fluid (the
synovia) and by cartilage. They are also joined by
ligaments. Allows the most movement. Example:
knee, shoulder, ankle
The Characteristics of a Synovial
Joint
Bone
Blood vessels
Nerve
Joint cavity
Joint
capsule
Synovial membrane
Fibrous capsule
Bursa
Tendon sheath
Tendon
Articular cartilage
Membranous
layer
Fibrous layer
Periosteum
CHARACTERISTICS OF
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
•
Articulating cartilage
protects ends of bone and allows for smooth contact, shock absorber
•
Joint capsule
fibrous structure made up of synovial membrane (allows certain nutrients to pass
through) and fibrous capsule (keeps synovial fluid from leaking)
•
Joint cavity
filled with synovial fluid, prevents friction and provides nutrients
•
Bursae (bursa)
small, flattened fluid sacs, found between friction points b/w tendons, ligaments and
bones
TYPES OF SYNOVIAL
JOINTS
JOINTS OF THE HUMAN
BODY
JOINTS OF THE HUMAN
BODY
JOINTS CONT’D
TYPES OF JOINT CONT’D
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zWo9-3GJpr8
Tissue Properties
 Tendons:
 Composed of collagen
(bundles of white, fibrous protein)
 Attach muscle to bone
 Vascular
 Ligaments:
 Tough bands of white, fibrous tissue
 Attach bone to bone
 Avascular
WORKSHEET
TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS