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Download Bio 449 Lecture 3 Outline Aug. 30, 2008
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Bio 449 Lecture 15 - Endocrinology III / Muscle I Endocrinology III Hypothalamic-pituitary system (cont'd) Hormonal control of growth (conclusion) Temporal patterns of GH release Hypo- and hypersecretion Muscle I Functions and types of muscle Structure of skeletal muscle Myofiber structure Sarcomere structure Contraction of the sarcomere Cross-bridge cycling Length-tension relationship Lectures 15-16: Terms to Know Anabolism IGF-I Osteoblast Osteoclast Chondrocyte Epiphyseal plate Gigantism Acromegaly Dwarfism Smooth muscle Striated muscle Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle Muscle Tendon Readings Chapter 11, pages 396-401 Chapter 12 Oct. 4, 2010 Muscle fiber (myofiber) Sarcolemma Mitochondria Sarcoplasmic reticulum Myofibril Sarcomere Thick filament Thin filament Z-disc (or Z-line) Actin Myosin Cross-bridge Contraction Sliding-filament theory Hypothalamic-pituitary system Hormonal control of growth Bone growth Epiphysis Diaphysis Bone growth Compact bone Dividing chondrocytes Chondrocytes Chondrocyte Epiphyseal plate Osteoblast Diaphysis Fig. 23-16 Osteoblasts Newly calcified bone Direction of growth Cartilage Old chondrocytes Acromegaly Fig. 23-14 Poodles! Muscle Physiology Functions and Types of Muscles Functions of muscle Triceps muscle relaxes Triceps muscle contracts (extensor) Biceps muscle relaxes Biceps muscle contracts (flexor) Flexion Extension Fig. 12-2 Functions of muscle Peristalsis Hydrostatic Pressure Fig. 12-2 Vasoconstriction Types of muscle Nucleus Muscle fiber (cell) Striations Skeletal muscle Fig. 12-1 Types of muscle Striations Muscle fiber Intercalated disk Nucleus Cardiac muscle Fig. 12-1 Types of muscle Muscle fiber Nucleus Smooth muscle Fig. 12-1 Muscle structure Skeletal muscle Tendon Nerve and blood vessels Connective tissue Muscle fascicle: bundle of fibers Connective tissue Nucleus Muscle fiber Fig. 12-3 Muscle structure ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MUSCLE Mitochondria Sarcoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Thick Thin filament filament T-tubules Sarcolemma Fig. 12-3 Myofibril Muscle structure Sarcomere Z disk Z disk Myofibril Titin Z disk M line M line Myosin crossbridges Thick filaments Z disk Thin filaments Titin Myosin tail Myosin molecule Fig. 12-3 Troponin Myosin heads Hinge region Tropomyosin Actin chain G-actin molecule Cross-bridge cycle 1 Troponin G-Actin 3 Tropomyosin shifts, exposing binding site on actin 2 TN TN Tropomyosin blocks binding site on actin Cytosolic Ca2+ Myosin head Pi ADP Power stroke ADP 4 Pi Relaxed state. Myosin head cocked. Fig. 12-9 Initiation of contraction 5 Actin moves Sarcomere contraction Fig. 12-8
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