Download STD`s & BBP`s

WAC
Describe one
thing that you
think is a myth
that some people
believe is true
about diseases
that can be
spread through
bodily fluids.
Ex. HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis,
Herpes, Ebola, the flu, etc.
Upcoming grades
• Daily bell ringers and reflections
• Lab Safety Contract – Normal contract
plus extra to cover microbiology and
dissection
• Pop quizzes at any time
• Safety exam
• Pretest Benchmark
Why BBPs & STDs?
• Our first unit is on safety.
• In addition to the regular lab safety rules (which
we will also review), we will spend time
identifying Blood Bourne Pathogens (BBPs) that
medical professionals must be aware are a risk
when examining and treating a patient.
• Some BBPs are also of concern when we are in
the lab because someone may get cut.
• Many of these same BBPs are diseases that we
should also be cautious of in our private lives.
Objectives
• Describe the safety measures that should
be taken whenever examining or treating
someone or when working with sharp
objects in the lab.
• Define the term “universal precautions”
and explain its importance.
• Identify the primary sources of infection.
Blood Borne Pathogens and
other STD’s
BBP’s and STD’s
Group Discussion
• Do you know how to protect yourself?
• Do you know how these diseases are
spread?
• Do you know what these diseases do to
your body?
DON’T LET A ACCIDENT RUIN
YOUR LIFE!
Sources of Infection
•
BBP’s may be found not only in human
blood, but also in other potentially
infectious materials including the
following body fluids:
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blood products (such as plasma or serum)
semen
vaginal secretions
cerebrospinal fluid
pleural fluid (or lung fluid)
Sources of Infection
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synovial fluid (or fluid from your joints)
amniotic fluid (or uterine fluid)
peritoneal fluid (or fluid that fills your body
cavity)
saliva in dental settings
any body fluid that is visibly contaminated
with blood
any body fluid that you can't tell what it is
any human tissue or organ
Hutchinson’s Teeth
WAC
Who do you think should get regular
checks for STDs and other BBPs?
Why? How often?
Objectives
• Identify the bodily fluids that are NOT
significant sources of HIV.
• Describe how to protect yourself from
BBPs professionally and in your private
life.
These do not carry HIV
•
The following body fluids are not expected to
be infectious sources of blood borne pathogens
unless they are visibly contaminated with
blood:
– urine
– feces
You should STILL
– vomit
use hygienic
– tears
practices!
– sweat
– sputum
– nasal secretions
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PROTECTION
1. Wear gloves whenever examining or treating
patients or handling any human tissue or bodily
fluid.
2. Don’t have sex!
3. If you do have sex, use a latex condom and
spermicide.
4. Have sex with one mutually faithful, uninfected
partner.
5. Don’t use injectable drugs/share dirty needles
or syringes.
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Safe Personal Behaviors
Don’t drink so much alcohol that you
can’t make clear decisions.
Do a genital self-exam regularly to check
for sores, discharge, growths, or anything
unusual.
Do not douche or use enemas without
Dr.’s OK – may wash bacteria deeper into
your body.
Ask your Dr. how often you should have
STD checkups.
THE SPREAD OF DISEASES
• Most BBPs & other STD’s are spread
through exposure to bodily fluids including
but NOT limited to sexual contact.
• Some can be spread through close contact
other than sexual contact.
• You must always be careful.
• BBPs and STD’s do not always have
visible symptoms!
Reflection
• Explain what is meant by
“universal precautions” and why
they are important.
Bell Ringer
• Describe 3 ways that you can
protect yourself from BBPs and
other infections.
Objectives
• Pop Quiz on previous material
• Identify the bacterial BBPs that are also
STDs.
• Describe the cause, symptoms, and
treatment of gonorrhea.
BACTERIAL STDs
• Gonorrhea
• Syphilis
• Chlamydia
• These diseases are curable with antibiotics
– if discovered early and if sex partners are
also treated.
GONORRHEA
• Caused by the diplococcus bacterium
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
• Also called the Clap, Dose, Strain and
Drip.
• Easily detected in males:
– Discharge of pus from the penis and burning
urination after an incubation period of 2-3 days
– May cause sterility if testes become infected or
when vas deferens becomes blocked with scar
tissue.
• Difficult to detect in females:
– May sometimes cause vaginal discharge.
– Usually causes no symptoms or mild symptoms
in the case of PID. (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)
– If untreated it can lead to infection,
inflammation and scarring of fallopian tubes
– May cause sterility or ectopic pregnancy.
Gonorrhea Finger Lesion
Gonorrhea Hand Lesions
Gonorrhea Foot Lesion
Severe Conjunctivitis
• Untreated gonorrhea can cause serious
systemic infections. Infections of joints,
heart, meninges, eyes, pharynx, or other
parts of the body.
• Eye infections can be passed on to
newborns and may cause blindness.
Doctors perform C-sections to prevent
newborns passing through the birth canal
of infected mothers.
• The law requires intramuscular injections of
penicillin to all infants born to infected
mothers.
• Erythromycin, or silver nitrate in dilute
solutions, is placed in the eyes of all
newborns.
• Gonorrheal infections can also be
transferred by hand contact from infected
sites to the eyes of adults.
• Gonorrheal infections can be acquired at
any point of sexual contact; pharyngeal and
anal gonorrhea are not uncommon.
TREATMENT
• Gonorrhea was once easily treated with
penicillin but now has become resistant.
• Gonorrhea is treatable with Ceftriaxone
and Tetracycline.
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